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The Design and Implementation of an Ontology Editing Tool

Author: YuLei
Tutor: LiuDaYou
School: Jilin University
Course: Applied Computer Technology
Keywords: Noumenon Ontology Language RDF Schema DAML OIL SOE Design Patterns Ontology Construction
CLC: TP311.52
Type: Master's thesis
Year: 2006
Downloads: 168
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Abstract

Since ontology was introduced to the domain of computer science in 1980,it has been developed steadily. The advantages of using ontology may include:firstly, the analyses of ontologies clarify the structure of domain knowledge,thus make the foundation of knowledge representation;secondly, ontology is akind of unified terminology and concept, thus make knowledge sharingpossible.National 863 project of Integrated Environment of Intelligent Applicationsis the platform to develop Web intelligent application systems. In order tomake full use of all kinds of knowledge base resources in the platform, andmake different application systems share the same comprehension of domainknowledge, we must establish standard knowledge representation for eachdomain. In other word, the explanation between concepts and theirrelationships must be given. And these things can be accomplished byontology. Therefore, in order to provide a method for the experts to get shareddomain knowledge and to facilitate knowledge reusing and sharing, ourresearching group is to introduce ontology in knowledge access middleware ofIEIA, as well as design and implement an ontology editing tool to get domainknowledge.Under the background above, the paper carries out research on ontologytechniques. The research focuses on the following fields: Ontologyrepresentation languages RDFS, DAML+OIL, OIL and OWL, and thecomparison of their different characteristics;method of ontology building;thedesign and implementation of an ontology editing tool. The research routecombines theory and practice together. On the basis of a through analysis ofkey ontology techniques, research status and development trend, we analysisthe ontology representation languages for the Semantic Web and comparedthem;design an ontology editing tool named SOE (Simple Ontology Editor)which is based on DAML+OIL;implement the editor in C# underMicrosoft .NET environment;research on the building techniques ofontologies;and finally build a complete agricultural ontology using the SOE.The main contributions of the paper are listed below:Firstly, the paper overviews the research works of ontology techniques,discusses the definition of ontology and it’s characteristics. It introduces DLswhich are logical foundation of OWL and gives a definition of a fuzzy intervalextended DL. These form the basis of further discussions.Secondly, the paper analyses the ontology representation languages. Itintroduces the XML and XML Schema, both of which are the basis of otherrepresentation languages. And then introduces the RDF, RDF Schema, OIL,DAML+OIL and OWL. The paper introduces OWL, which is suggested byW3C as the standard ontology representation language in future web, in theaspects of its background, its three sub-languages, and its language elements,and gives a example of OWL ontology. The paper also compares theselanguages in the some aspects with each other, such as bounded lists,cardinality constraints, class expressions, data types, defined classes,enumerations, equivalence, extensibility and formal semantics.Thirdly, this paper designs and implements an ontology editing toolnamed SOE, which is used for obtaining domain knowledge. SOE is aDAML+OIL based ontology editing tool which is designed for IEIA. It iscomposed of three levels: GUI level, Model level and Storage level. GUI levelprovides a easily used ontology developing environment for the users andmakes the users develop an ontology quickly, in which process includes theediting of classes, properties, individuals and namespaces. Model level definesthe ontology representing model, which includes data structures of the modelas well as the functions on the structure. All the objects in this model areinherited by an object called Object. Different objects in this model keep goodhierarchy relationship with each other so that reusability and expansibility areensured. Storage level defines the storing mechanism of the ontologies. Inorder to encapsulate functions on different collection type, we provide afunction-isolated dll: Collection Library, which encapsulate a double-linkedlist, a collection managing the <key,value> pair, and a collection managing theordered <key,value> pair. We also apply the Visitor pattern in the codes to getmore flexibility. The paper introduces the functions of the collection libraryand the method of implementing main data structure using the Visitor patternin detail. The characteristics of SOE are as follows: a, simple user interface;b,high inference ability of the ontology language supported by SOE;c, ontologymodel is extensible;d, codes are flexsible;e, DAML+OIL ontology edited byother ontology editing tool are compatible.Finally, the paper introduces a simple method for building domainontologies, and discusses the application of ontology in agricultural domain, aswell as gives an ontology instance in agricultural domain. On the basis ofresearches on ontology building principles and ontology classification, thepaper gives a complete ontology building method, which is composed ofdefining the ontology domain, listing all the important terminologies, definingclasses and class hierarchies, defining properties of the classes, defining therestrictions on the properties and creating the instances(or individuals). Thepaper also lists the problem that should be noticed when building domainontologies. It introduces the building process of a crop classification ontologyin detail, including the design of that ontology using the ontology buildingmethod introduced in this paper, and the implementation of that ontologyusing the ontology editing tool SOE. This paper demonstrates how to build anagricultural classification ontology using SOE in the end.This paper designs and implements an ontology editing tool called SOE,which is an agricultural knowledge acquiring tool in IEIA. SOE make theacquiring of shared domain knowledge and the reusing and sharing of domainknowledge possible, and also make the foundation of further research such asontology inference.

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