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Development of a Novel DNA Vaccine Against Japanese Encephalitis Virus

Author: GaoNa
Tutor: AnJing
School: Third Military Medical University
Course: Microbiology
Keywords: Japanese encephalitis virus GM-CSF Adjuvant pCAG-JEGM Co-expression
CLC: R392
Type: Master's thesis
Year: 2006
Downloads: 60
Quote: 1
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Abstract


Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), a member of the Flaviviridae family, is transmitted to human beings through mosquitoes bites. JEV infection occurs primarily in the Far East and Southeastern Asia. In humans, JEV infection can cause severe central nerve system disease which result in high mortality or developing permanent neurological sequelae in more than half of the survivors. The JEV genome is a single-stranded, positive-sense RNA of approximately 11 kb. The genomic RNA that contains a single open reading frame (ORF) encodes at its 5’end three structural proteins : the capsid protein C , the precursor (prM) of membrane protein M and the envelope protein E , followed by seven non-structural proteins (NS1 , NS2A , NS2B , NS3 , NS4A , NS4B and NS5 ) .Even today, no drug treatment for JEV infection has been available yet. Vaccination is the single most important tool in control and eradication of JEV infection in humans. Three kinds of JEV vaccines have been used in Asian countries with measurable success. One is a formalin-inactivated JEV vaccine purified from infected adult mouse brain. It was developed in Japan and is currently used worldwide. Another formalin-activated vaccine and a live attenuated vaccine designated SA14-14-2 also exist, both of which are prepared from infected primary hamster kidney cells in China. Due to regulatory issues surrounding international standards, both vaccines are only used in mainland of China. However, the inherent risk of using the live-attenuated viral vaccines and the potential for allergic reactions with the inacitivated vaccine make vaccination undesirable. Another major problem is that inactivated vaccines do not confer sufficient long-term immunity to provide effective protection. In addition, the minimum three-dose inoculation requirement makes vaccination programs costly. Therefore, it is imperative that a safer, more effective, and less expensive vaccine be developed to protect against JEV infection worldwide.In recent years, plasmid DNA-based vaccination has emerged as a novel vaccination

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