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Hunan biodiversity occupies an important position in the country. Species richness and complexity of the flora; ancient origin, larvae relic species; endemic genera, species-rich, high value of the protection and utilization; floristic composition Hunan biogeographic distribution something north-south intersection zone, tropical a subtropical - temperate bio in the area are distributed; In many Tertiary plant thus be due to the unique natural and geographical and diverse geomorphological conditions from Quaternary glacial erosion is preserved, the formation of a the ancient unique and complex biota. Affected by habitat conditions, Hunan wildlife distribution has obvious regional, seasonal. In western Hunan Wuling - Xuefeng Mountain and Shonan Nanling - mufu, mountain Luo Xiao relatively small anthropogenic interference with activities of all kinds of wildlife, the northern Hunan Dongting Lake wetland is the main distribution area of Hunan water, wading birds and aquatic animals, these geographical wildlife species, a large number of rare species, is the main gathering place of the province of invertebrates. The province by the national key protected animal and plant species, about 192 species, most of them distributed in various types of protected areas, due to siltation, reclaiming land from lakes and water conservancy and hydropower project construction, environmental pollution and other waters, wetlands ecosystem severely damaged, endangering the proliferation of biological species, the habitat of the ecological environment. Coupled with inadequate management, transition excavation wild economic plants and arbitrary arrest indiscriminate hunting of wild animals, as well as intentional or unintentional introduction of alien species, resulting in biodiversity facing serious threat reduction. Hunan Province in 2000 biodiversity economic value of 1.91 × 1012, accounting for the total economic value of the national biodiversity 39.33 × 1012 to 4.9%, including the 2000 Hunan biodiversity purification environmental value of 1.23 × 1012, accounting for Hunan province's economic value of biodiversity for 64.4%. Conservation of the net annual value of water, organic matter production, products and processed products, and scientific and cultural value of 205.8 × 109,193.58 × 109,109.66 × 109 and 82.6 × 109 yuan from each of the province's economic value of biodiversity 10.7% , 10.1%, 5.7% and 4.3%. Hunan Province in 2000 economic value of biodiversity is 5.17 times the GDP of the province, including cleaning up the environment, water conservation, the net annual value of products and processed products of organic material production and scientific and cultural value of the province's GDP, and 3.33 times, 0.56 times, 0.52 times, 0.30 times and 0.22 times. In this paper, the biodiversity status of Hunan Province, with the overall evaluation, biodiversity functions economic value assessment of the basis, mainly based on the domain of satellite remote sensing images superimposed diagram of Hunan Province, Hunan Agricultural landform type map, Hunan protected animal and plant diagram, Hunan Nature Reserve map, the forestry zoning map, the classification map of water conservation, soil conservation classification map maps using spatial overlay method, correlation analysis, expert integration method, the province's biodiversity is divided into four districts, that is a very important area of biological diversity (Ⅰ), the middle region (II area), the more important areas (III area) and general areas (Ⅳ area). Finally, follow the concept of sustainable development of of district biodiversity protection and economic development of the basic ideas and direction.
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