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The Study on Isolation, Identification of Allelochemicals and Its Mechanism in Grape

Author: SunYingNi
Tutor: GuoXiuWu
School: Shenyang Agricultural University
Course: Pomology
Keywords: Grapes Root exudates Stubble Allelopathy Allelochemicals
CLC: S663.1
Type: Master's thesis
Year: 2010
Downloads: 112
Quote: 1
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Abstract


In this experiment, the late red (V. vinifera L. cv Red Globe) grape tissue culture, mountains and rivers II (V. amurensis × V. riparia No.2) grape tissue culture and Beida (V. riparia × V. labrusca cv Beta) grape cuttings seedlings as test materials, the use of a combination of biological detection method of indoor grape tissue culture and outdoor potted seedlings, the grape root exudates and decomposing Autotoxicity, and one of allelopathic substances Isolation and Identification; pot experiment, of exogenous phenolic acid on the grape seedling growth and physiological indexes, explore the mechanism of action of allelochemicals. The main results are as follows: 1. Root exudates and decomposing products significantly inhibited the growth of late red grape tissue culture. Specifically expressed in plant height, root number, root length and on the ground, underground fresh weight decreased as the concentration increased inhibition enhanced tissue culture dry death, 0.5 g · mL-1 root exudates treatment; 0.1 g · mL-1 Stubble after rooting is inhibited. Root exudates on growth of potted the Beida grape cuttings seedlings promote low concentration, high concentration of the inhibitory function of trend. Low concentrations of root exudates processing plant growth potential enhanced net photosynthetic rate and root respiration rate increased, soluble sugar, starch and protein content increased MDA content decreased, while high concentrations showed the opposite trend. 3 add stubble residues significantly inhibited the growth of potted Beida grape cuttings, add the higher the amount, the stronger the inhibition. With the increase of adding amount of stubble residues, the net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate and stomatal conductance decreased soluble sugar, starch and protein content decreased root respiration rate decreases; SOD activity decreased MDA content increased. The 4 root exudates on soil polyphenol oxidase activity of invertase promote low concentration, high concentration of the inhibitory function of trend, and high concentrations of root exudates significant inhibition of the activity. Add stubble residues experience inhibition of soil polyphenol oxidase and invertase activity on soil-converting enzyme inhibition greater than the soil polyphenol oxidase enzyme activity in soil invertase Add stubble residues decomposing processing cytotoxicity high sensitivity. 5 the root exudates processing to make grape rhizosphere soil microorganisms in a significant reduction in the number of decreasing as root exudates concentration increased, the number of bacteria, fungi accounted for the proportion of the total number of microorganisms gradually increased. Add stubble residues treatment a significant increase in the number of microorganisms in the soil, but decreased the rhizosphere soil fungal diversity of the population, including beneficial Trichoderma disappear, there is not conducive to plant growth Pythium, the Thielaviopsis beam Terrier Neurospora. LC-MS detection results showed that the grape root exudates contain phenolic acids (salicylic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid); the Stubble contains phenolic acids (benzoic acid, salicylic acid and styrene-acrylic acid). Tissue culture tests showed that four kinds of phenolic acids have significant allelopathic effects. Allelochemicals benzoic acid, styrene-acrylic acid and salicylic acid through the interference of plant cell membranes and related physiological processes affecting the growth of grapes. The pot experiment show that the phenolic concentrations increased, processing time, the degree of inhibition of on potted grape seedling growth enhancement. Benzoic acid concentration of 0.1 mmol · L-1 treatment on the ground, underground fresh weight than the control slightly improved, with benzoic acid, salicylic acid, styrene-acrylic acid treatment increased concentration of the ground, underground fresh weight was gradually decrease. Of Exogenous Phenolic handle increased grape plant cell membrane permeability, reducing the activity of SOD and root activity, affecting the physiological and biochemical processes such as photosynthesis and leaf matter accumulation, resulting in plant growth and development is inhibited.

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CLC: > Agricultural Sciences > Gardening > Fruit trees gardening > Berries > Grapes
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