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Research and Application of Cultivation Techniques for the High-yielding of Winter Wheat and Water-saving by Unsufficient Irrigation in High Grain-producing Region

Author: LiuYanTao
Tutor: HeMingRong
School: Shandong Agricultural University
Course: Agricultural Extension
Keywords: High yields area Winter Wheat Water-saving
CLC: S512.1
Type: Master's thesis
Year: 2010
Downloads: 61
Quote: 0
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Abstract

China is one of the country's severe water shortage in the world, per capita water resources of the North China only 404m3, test area - Huantai County as a high grain-producing area of ??the North China Plain, the traditional cultivation and management conducted several irrigation, resulting in wheat production consumes large amounts of water. On the basis of the test, demonstration and investigation on high grain-producing area of ??winter wheat non-sufficient irrigation water-saving high-yield technology research, the main contents include: 1. Irrigated land winter wheat irrigation water consumption analysis. Think through analysis of the 116 different Lunong irrigation treatments, irrigated wheat fields with increasing watering frequency, increase in total water consumption of Winter; the traditional irrigation irrigation instead of wheat need water, watering too many times, serious waste of water resources. Reduce irrigation times, limited irrigation, forcing winter wheat consumption of soil water and precipitation, and winter wheat production of the important measures of water conservation. 2. Limited irrigation of irrigated land winter wheat population dynamics and crop yield. The present study demonstrates that the strong drought tolerance in irrigated land wheat fields, selection, multi-spike type varieties, changing irrigation water or sufficient irrigation water for non-sufficient irrigation can be controlled reasonably dynamic development of the wheat groups control nutrition growth, excessive coordination spike, grain weight relationship of the three to achieve high yield; the limited irrigation Catcher stalk dwarf, leaf-type small wheat plants compact plant, good lodging resistance, stress tolerance, moderate amount of Yung Sui. This cut or not to reduce the yield of standard conventional water-saving concept is different and water saving. In the experimental conditions, the total water consumption in one irrigation 3213.4m3/hm2, yield 8130.0kg/hm2, water productivity (WUE) of 2.53kg/m3 than sufficient irrigation (pouring water treatment) to reduce water consumption in 1436.6 m3/hm2, production increased 1155.0 kg/hm2, water production rate 1.03kg/m3. Full description of the current irrigated land wheat fields of water-saving and yield potential. Water Saving and High water laws in irrigated fields of winter wheat. The 2003-2004 three irrigation Catcher water: 3 Catcher effective precipitation ,0-2m the soil moisture achieve average wheat yield 8123.1kg/hm2, irrigation 6 water treatment production 6840 kg/hm2 phase ratio increased by 18.76%; take full advantage of the precipitation and soil moisture (especially 1m below) is very important winter wheat Saving and High Yield. After analysis of the preliminary view that 8047.5 kg/hm2 winter wheat yield, economic and water consumption of 2996.4 m3/hm2, water productivity 2.686 kg/m3. The test area water demand of wheat this economic water consumption measure was significantly lower than using Penman estimated 5360 m3/hm2 level and the results of other studies. Water productivity more than developed countries 2.32kg/m3 level. 2005-2006 enough moisture in planting spring irrigation water Catcher study found: winter wheat stage water law is two small middle; conventional Daejeon significant early growth stage of winter wheat (up and before) the water consumption significantly reduced modulus coefficient only accounted for 28.89 percent, heading to a significant increase in the grain filling stage, modulus coefficient of 44.19%, water demand intensity peaks also appear in this period. Comprehensive analysis of the past few years, the soil water supply divided into seedling stage water supply layer (0-60cm), medium-term water supply layer (60-140cm) late water supply layer (140-230cm), stable water layer (230-300cm) of winter wheat non- sufficient irrigation water-saving high-yield cultivation more guidance. 4 varieties of winter wheat to limited irrigation adaptive research. Comprehensive experiments and demonstrations in the past few years, under limited irrigation conditions, better drought resistance varieties Lunong 116, Shijiazhuang, High Yield and performance; characteristics is tillering to panicle high drought index 1.093-1.2 drought resistance 2 or 3. 5. Winter wheat regulated deficit irrigation and appropriate limits of soil moisture index. Jointing stage to the mature winter wheat soil moisture lower limit indicators by 65% ??-70% in the case of anti-drought-tolerant winter wheat varieties and pre limited irrigation, according to the survey of 2002-2003 and 2005-2006 demonstration Catcher soil moisture analysis: ( moisture content of 14.9% -16.0%) was adjusted to account for 55% -65% of the field capacity (moisture content 12.6% -14.9%); mature late, grouting, accounting for 60% of field capacity (moisture content 13.7 %). 6 critical water irrigation and water-saving fertilization. The test area a few years of practice and study to think: Well Irrigation District's medium fertility Catcher pre-and post-control irrigation, mid-moderately irrigation; whole growth period of wheat seedlings, water control groups, in order to achieve adequate and appropriate panicles goal identify key water irrigation and to water-saving, high-yielding, resistant to key groups indicators. Based on selection of anti-drought-tolerant varieties to ensure complete emergence to wheat jointing stage before and after irrigation is the most important. According to three Love \In the case of limited irrigation, organic manure, chemical fertilizers the basic fertilizer disposable Shi foot, nutrients leached with water to reduce the whole growth period for wheat regulation of irrigation to seize the initiative. 7 to compensate for the cultivation and management techniques to adapt to water deficit. The study showed that: the test area of ??winter wheat sowing time best sowing time than traditional planting time to October 2 to October 10, after pushing; limited irrigation conditions, the appropriate period late sowing winter wheat pre-consumption can reduce water; determine the yield water conservation groups starting point for development should be appropriate to increase the seeding rate seeding rate 120-135kg/hm2, basic seedling 240-270 Wan / hm2 appropriate; simultaneously the, FA Handilong seed dressing pro-wheat roots growth post-spraying low the Imperial dry hot wind and other water-saving increasing effect on. The late sowing appropriate, appropriate to increase the seeding rate, FA Handilong seed dressing three compensatory measures to adapt to water deficit. Saving irrigation amount of field irrigation techniques. The study showed that: two the water pinch poured, short narrow furrow irrigation and every other furrow irrigation saving irrigation volume three field irrigation technology measures. Gradually developed in the winter wheat yield promotion of water-saving applications, from the practice of the masses, for a significant reduction in the amount of field irrigation effect adjustment of the winter wheat regulated deficit irrigation and to determine the critical winter wheat water irrigation suitable period of great help . Winter wheat yield indicators of water-saving cultivation techniques. Analyzed the high-yielding varieties with suitable indicators of winter wheat non-full irrigation on group dynamics indicators of fertilizer, irrigation indicators and suitable sowing date, seeding rate.

Research and Application of Cultivation Techniques for the High-yielding of Winter Wheat and Water-saving by Unsufficient Irrigation in High Grain-producing Region

Abstract

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