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Ecological water Ecology and Hydrology, water resources science field of cutting-edge research. With economic development and water crisis intensified, the decrease in the total amount of available water, so that the human use of water resources, there have been a large misunderstanding: a large number of grab this part of natural ecosystems, water resources, to meet the economic and social development needs, resulting in a degradation of the decline in the quality of rivers and other aquatic ecosystems function. The ecological water research precisely in order to explore the ecosystem to maintain the health status, the normal function of the amount of water demand and to achieve ecologically sustainable development, and thus sustainable economic development. Haihe River Basin is located in the North China Plain, located in the center of politics, economy, favorable conditions for the development of industry and agriculture. Since the 1970s, the Haihe River Basin ecological and environmental problems have become more serious, such as deforestation, desertification, water environmental quality deterioration. The emergence of the ecological and environmental problems, shortage of water resources, the ecological water was diverted to one of the driving force. In this study, the Haihe River Basin for the study, from the point of view of ecosystems, ecological connotation of the concept of water accounting methods were discussed. The ecological water refers to the specific structure for the maintenance of ecosystems, ecological processes and ecosystem service functions of the amount of water. Ecological water body ecosystem, its meaning, including the maintenance of ecosystem structure with water and the maintenance of ecological processes and ecosystem services of water. The maintenance of ecosystem structure water vegetation restoration, wetland reconstruction and urban greening water; maintain ecological processes and ecosystem services including water river sediment discharge salt, covering groundwater pollutant dilution and self-purification river water. Haihe River Basin ecological water accounting results: Ecological Water Consumption of natural vegetation ecosystem forest ecosystems 210.9 × 10 ~ 8m ~ 3, but it does not take up the available water resources. River ecological water of 40.1 × 10 ~ 8m ~ 3, accounting for the multi-year average quantity of water 263.9 × 10 ~ 8m to 15.2% (1956 to 1984 series data); Wetland Ecological Water to 38.13 × 10 ~ 8m ~ 3, accounting for multi-year average of 14.4% of the total water resources; urban ecological water consumption 10.83 × 10 ~ 8m ~ 3, multi-year average of 4.1% of the total water resources. Three together accounted for 33.7% of the total runoff. Recent and long-term goals of ecological water were predicted based on the ecology of the Haihe River Basin. Result: the river ecosystem in 2010, in 2030 the total ecological water were 46 × 10 ~ 8m ~ 3,53.7 × 10 ~ 8m ~ 3; Haihe River Basin wetlands in 2010, in 2030 the total ecological water to 44.04 × 10 ~ 8m ~ 3,51.03 × 10 ~ 8m ~ 3; Haihe River Basin City in 2010, in 2030 the total amount of ecological water were: 14.59 x 10 - 8M to 3,18.92 × 10 ~ 8m ~ 3. The paper also Haihe River Basin water resources utilization, explore ecological water protection measures on the basis of the analysis of the situation of shortage.
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