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We investigated the agronomic traits and quality of 158 soybean cultivars and examined thecomposition and mutation of soybean storage protein subunits of 158 soybean cultivars and 51 wildsoybean varieties by using SDS-PAGE electrophosis tO make clear the relationship betweenagronomic traits and quality.The main results were as follows:Protein content was significantly negative correlated with oil content, the length of seedlingstage, while significantly positive correlated with hundred-seed-weight, branches number and hadno correlation with other agronomic traits. Oil Content was significantly negative correlated with thelength of seedling stage, the length of maturity, the length of pod-setting stage, plant height, heightof the lowest pod, nodes number of main stem, caliber number of stem, pods number per plant,seeds number per plant, the shape of pods and had no correlation with other agronomic traits. Thecontent of 7S subunit was significantly negative correlated with the length of pod-setting stage andwas positive correlated with the color of pubescence and the shape of pods. The content of 11Ssubunit was significantly correlated with the color of seeds and pubescence.According to the soybean cultivars, the variation coefficient of storage protein subunit wasunder the order as followed:γsubunit＞α′subunit＞11S/7S＞αsubunit＞βsubunit＞7S subunit＞basic subunit＞acid subunit＞11S subunit. The storage protein subunit of soybean cultivars wasanalyzed by SDS-PAGE electrophesis, it is found that the LOX subunit of Heinong 41 (38.4%,21.7%), Heijian 1 (43.3%, 19.8%), Nenfeng 15 (40.55%, 20.55), Heinong 16 (41.50%,20.65%), Beifeng 9 (41.6%, 21%) showed weak or even disappeared; Both the LOX subunit andαsubunit of Dongsheng 649 (40.05%、21.7%) and Hongfeng 7 (40.2%, 20.05%) performed weakor even disappeared; The mobility rate ofαsubunit were variant in Jilin43 (40.3%、20.55%),Hongfeng 9 (38.05%、22.65%) and Heinong 42 (41.15%、20.3%).The average content ofαSubunit in all the soybean cultivars was 6.71,the amplitude was from 1.52 to 14.18,and the standarddeviation was 1.56;The average content ofα′subunit was 7.41, the amplitude was from 4.36 to17.78,and the standard deviation was 2.40;The average content ofγsubunit in all the soybeancultivars was 5.57,the amplitude was from 1.59 to 12.25, the standard deviation was 2.10;Theaverage content of The average content ofβsubunit was 6.52,the amplitude was from 3.97 to11.85, the standard deviation was 1.28;The average content of acid subunit in all the soybeancultivars was 35.23, the amplitude was from 22.62 to 48.75, the standard deviation was 4.89;Theaverage content of basic subunit was 25.02, the amplitude was from 12.17 to 33.50, the standarddeviation was 3.94;The average content of 11S subunit was 60.24, the amplitude was from 41.33 to 69.50, the standard deviation was 4.24;The average content of 7S subunit in all the soybeancultivars was 26.06,the amplitude was from 11.93 to 41.33, the standard deviation was 4.77. Theaverage content of 11S subunit to that of 7S subunit(11S/7S) was 2.41,the amplitude was from 1.03to 5.34, the standard deviation was 0.58.Both Heinong 41 and Hongfeng7’s numerical value of11S/7S was 4.84 and 5.34 respectively, which was greater than 4.0.According to the wild soybeans varieties, Ihe variation coefficient of storage protein subunitwas under the order as followed:αsubunitT＞subunit＞βsubunit＞α′subunit＞11S/7S＞7Ssubunit＞basic subunit＞acid subunit＞11S subunit. The storage protein subunit of Wild soybeanwas analyzed by SDS-PAGE electrophesis, it is found that there was a additional band betweenbasic subunit and acid subunit in variety 05018-1、05009-1 05009-2-1、05003-4-1、05012-5-1、05012-1、05002-4、05006-1、05003-4-2、05016-2、05008-2, while other wild soybean varieties havenot shown. The average content ofαsubunit in all the wild soybeans was 6.61, the amplitude wasfrom 2.53 to 15.79, the standard deviation was 3.42;The average content ofα′subunit in all thewild soybeans was 8.16, the amplitude was from 2.51 to 13.92, the standard deviation was 2.49.The average content ofγsubunit in all the wild soybeans was 7.83, the amplitude was from 1.27 to19.03, the standard deviation was 2.73. The average content ofβsubunit in all the wild soybeanswas 8.08,the amplitude was from 2.08 to 14.33, the standard deviation was 2.75. The content ofacid subunit in all the wild soybeans was 35.04, the amplitude was from 26.77 to 43.44, the.standard, deviation was 3.35. The content of basic subunit in all the wild soybeans was 29.08, theamplitude was from 21.71 to 35.06, the standard deviation was 3.60. The content of 11S subunit inall the wild soybeans was 63.94,the amplitude was from 51.58 to 71.47, the standard deviationwas3.75. The content of 7S subuhit in all the wild soybeans was 30.68, the amplitude was from19.19 to 42.53, standard deviation was 5.70. The average content of 11S subunit to that of 7Ssubunit(11S/7S) was 2.18, the amplitude was from 1.31 to 3.65, the standard deviation was 0.53.05022-2-2,05026-land 05001-1,their numerical value of 11S/7S was 3.08, 3.41and 3.16respectively.,which was greater than 4.0.The 11S subunit was significantly negative correlated with the 7S subunit both in soybeancultivars and wild soybeans, and the coefficients were R=-0.507** and R=-0.687** respectively.
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