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Investigation on BPO Content in Flour and Effects of BPO on Mice Liver and Kidney Tissue

Author: JiaXiaoJing
Tutor: LiuPing
School: Shandong University
Course: Health inspection
Keywords: Benzoyl peroxide (BPO) HPLC Liver tissue Kidney tissue Injury
CLC: R155
Type: Master's thesis
Year: 2011
Downloads: 37
Quote: 0
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Abstract


[Objective] benzoyl peroxide (Benzoyl Peroxide, BPO) has strong oxidation resistance, not only can make flour whitening, but also accelerate the aging of flour and wheat flour yield increase, while the release of benzoic acid to prevent decomposition flour mildew, so Adding frequently used in flour production. Add flour current commercially available universal BPO, and abnormally high. BPO in flour consumption of the process, the ability to increase the liver, kidney burden become the focus of attention. In this study, through the establishment of a simple, rapid and accurate determination of flour BPO HPLC - UV detection method, commercially available flour BPO Jinan added amount of investigation. Way through gavage to mice with different doses of BPO, BPO study on liver and kidney tissue injury. [Method] a determination of flour BPO methodological studies using high performance liquid chromatography - UV detection method for the determination of the content of flour BPO. Chromatographic conditions: Column: Hypersil ODS (250mmх4.6mm, 5μm) column; mobile phase: 20mmol / L potassium dihydrogenphosphate - acetonitrile (90:10, V / V); flow rate: 1.0ml/min; Detection wavelength: 218nnm; detection temperature: room temperature; injection volume: 20μl. 2 Jinan commercial flour BPO dosage survey December 2008 - August 2009 taken at random from Jinan market sales of flour, 53 were collected from various types of flour, add the right amount of flour BPO is measured. According to GB2760-2007, the flour in the BPO content ≤ 60mg/kg as the standard for determining eligibility. 3 BPO liver injury in mice studies 3.1 BPO right mouse liver tissue antioxidant system of the mice in each group liver homogenates were measured glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) content in the liver of mice studied BPO antioxidant system. 3.2 BPO on liver enzyme activities of ATP to take each group of mice liver homogenate were measured Na K-ATPase, Ca2-ATPase, Mg2-ATPase vitality of BPO on liver enzyme activity of ATP. 3.3 BPO in mouse liver tissue calcium, magnesium and zinc content in the liver of mice weighed organization carried out in the microwave digestion instrument after digestion by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry liver tissue calcium, zinc, magnesium content of the liver was observed BPO content of essential elements. 3.4 BPO on liver function 3.4.1 BPO right mouse liver protein metabolism in serum of mice in each group, the determination of total protein (TP), albumin (ALB), globulin (GLO) content, BPO research on protein metabolism in mouse liver. 3.4.2 BPO right mouse liver bile acid metabolism in serum of mice in each group, the determination of total bile acid (TBA) content, research on mice BPO bile acid metabolism. 3.4.3 BPO right mouse liver serum enzymes of sera from mice in each group were measured alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) vitality, research on mice BPO Serum enzymes affected. 3.5 BPO tissue injury in the liver of mice in each group morphological liver tissue fixation, paraffin tissue sections, hematoxylin - eosin (HE) staining, pathological observation under the microscope. 4 BPO right mouse kidney tissue injury effect of 4.1 BPO right mouse kidney tissue antioxidant system of the mice in each group renal tissue homogenates were measured superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and malondialdehyde ( MDA) and BPO research on antioxidant systems in mouse kidney damage. 4.2 BPO in mouse kidney tissue ATP enzymes take each group of mice kidney tissue homogenates was determined Na K-ATPase, Ca2-ATPase, Mg2-ATPase vitality of BPO ATP enzyme activity of mouse kidney effects. 4.3BPO right mouse kidney tissue calcium, zinc and magnesium content of mice in each group were weighed kidney tissue, carried out in a microwave digestion instrument after digestion by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry kidney tissue calcium, zinc, magnesium content, research BPO right mouse kidney content of essential elements. 4.4 BPO affect kidney function in mice in each group was measured in serum creatinine (cRE) and urea content of BPO right mouse kidney function. 4.5 BPO right mouse kidney tissue damage morphology of each group mouse kidney tissue fixation, paraffin tissue sections, hematoxylin - eosin (HE) staining, pathological observation under the microscope. [Results] a determination of flour BPO methodological studies taken after processing BPO standard solution by spectral scanning, this experiment, detection wavelength 218nm. BPO in the present experimental conditions the retention time of 13.8min, good linearity in 1-10μg/ml range (r = 0.99991), the lowest detection limits (S / N = 3) was 0.2μg/ml, recoveries 98.1-101.7%, intra-day precision (RSD) were less than 2.98%, day RSD were less than 3.14%. 2 Jinan commercial flour BPO dosage survey detected 53 samples, benzoyl peroxide qualified 35 parts (detection value 0-59.2mg/kg), a pass rate of 66.0%; exceeded 18 parts (detection value 68.6 -284.6mg/Kg), exceeding the rate of 34.0%. Shandong and other provinces in which the production of flour exceeding rate were 33.3% and 36.4%, both compared to no significant difference (P gt; 0.05). Where a special powder (including a special powder, especially two powder, special flour, refined flour) with plain flour excessive rates were 36.8% and 32.4%, the difference was not statistically significant (P gt; 0.05). 3 BPO liver injury in mice studies 3.1 BPO right mouse liver tissue antioxidant effects, the high-dose group exposed BPO liver tissue SOD activity was significantly lower than the control group (P lt; 0.05, P lt; 0.01); BPO exposure group MDA content was increased, and the high-dose group compared with the control group was statistically significant (P lt; 0.05); BPO each exposure group compared with the control group, liver tissue in GSH-Px activity were not statistically different (P gt; 0.05). 3.2 BPO on liver enzyme activities of ATP BPO infected mice liver tissue Mg2-ATP enzyme activity decreased, and the high-dose group compared with the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P lt; 0.05); high dose group Ca2'-ATP enzyme activity compared with the control group was significantly lower (P lt; 0.05), the remaining dose group compared with the control group, no significant difference (P gt; 0.05); BPO exposure group Na K-ATP activity were compared with control no significant difference (P gt; 0.05). 3.3 BPO in mouse liver tissue calcium, magnesium and zinc content in comparison with the control group, BPO liver tissue of mice exposed to the calcium content decreased, but no significant difference (P gt; 0.05): with control group, BPO liver tissue of mice exposed to zinc and magnesium content were not statistically different (P gt; 0.05). 3.4 BPO on liver function 3.4.1 BPO right mouse liver protein metabolism in mice exposed BPO serum TP, ALB was reduced, and the high-dose group compared with the control group, the difference was statistically significant ( P lt; 0.01); BPO GLO sera of mice treated group compared with control group levels were not statistically different (P gt; 0.05). 3.4.2 BPO right mouse liver bile acid metabolism in mice exposed BPO elevated levels of serum TBA, and the high-dose group compared with the control group was statistically significant (P lt; 0.01). 3.4.3 BPO on liver enzymes of serum ALT levels increased with dose exposure BPO first and then decreased, and the medium dose group compared with the control group was significantly higher (P lt; 0.05). BPO each exposure group AST, ALP levels, compared with the control group were not statistically significant (P gt; 0.05). 3.5 BPO tissue injury in the liver of mice exposed groups morphology BPO microscope varying degrees of inflammatory cell infiltration, and the emergence of liver cell necrosis, dissolved. 4 BPO right mouse kidney tissue injury effect of 4.1 BPO right mouse kidney tissue antioxidant effects compared with the control group, BPO mice exposed to high doses in renal tissue SOD activity was significantly decreased, while the content of MDA increased (P lt; 0.05). The remaining dose of SOD activity, MDA content compared with the control group, the difference was not statistically significant (P gt; 0.05). 4.2 BPO in mouse kidney tissue ATP enzymes BPO dye dose group Na K-ATP enzyme activity increased, and compared with the control group were statistically significant (P lt; 0.05); BPO exposure group Mg2-ATP enzyme activity decreased, compared with the control group were statistically significant (P <0.01); BPO exposure group Ca2-ATP enzyme activity was reduced, and the high-dose group compared with the control group were significantly different (P lt; 0.01). 4.3 BPO in mouse kidney tissue calcium, zinc and magnesium content of BPO renal tissue of mice exposed to calcium, zinc, magnesium content compared with the control group were not statistically different (P gt; 0.05). 4.4 BPO affect renal function in mice exposed groups BPO serum urea content increased, and the high-dose group compared with the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P lt; 0.05); BPO sera of mice exposed groups CRE content compared with the control group were not statistically different (P gt; 0.05). 4.5 BPO right mouse kidney tissue damage morphology visible under a microscope, BPO tubules in mice exposed to different levels of coagulation necrosis. [Conclusion] a study to establish the determination of benzoyl peroxide in flour HPLC method is rapid, accurate, sensitive, reproducible, simple sample preparation, etc., can be effectively separated, benzoyl peroxide in wheat flour formyl content. 2 Jinan market now sold mostly add flour brightener BPO, and exceeded the phenomenon occurs (standard rate of 34.0%). And the place of origin between (Shandong Province and other provinces), varieties (special powder and ordinary powder) exceeded rates undifferentiated. 3 BPO in certain doses, affecting the liver antioxidant capacity and ATP activity, damage the liver protein metabolism and bile acid metabolism and other functions, and to some extent caused by liver pathological damage. 4 BPO in certain doses, affect the antioxidant capacity of the kidneys and the ATP activity, damage kidney function, and kidney damage caused by a certain degree of pathology.

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