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Research content of this thesis consists of two parts . ( 1) The local duck population genetic diversity analysis . To the 13 ducks groups from the three countries ( Cambodia , Laos , and Egypt ) as the research object , select 18 microsatellite loci analysis of population genetic diversity . Key indicators include the number of alleles the average effective allele number ( Ne ) , each group of heterozygosity , polymorphic information content (PIC), average expected heterozygosity heterozygosity ( He ) , average observed heterozygosity (Ho) and genetic distance. The results showed that 13 groups have higher average polymorphic information content (PIC), expected heterozygosity (He) and observed heterozygosity heterozygosity ( Ho ) , 0.5762,0.6528 and 0.4049 respectively . Hardy - Weinberg detection , 13 groups were unbalanced F - detection analysis results show that the FST ranging from 0.062 (APH08) to 0.285 (CAUD27), the average inter-group differentiation coefficient was 0.144 . Cluster analysis showed that Cambodia 's five groups (CKC, CSR, COD, CKP CRK) clustered into one group , three Egyptian groups clustered into one group (EAG, EAF and ESH) Laos five groups (LLG, LOD, LXK , LVC and LCP) poly as a class . Clustering relationship of the different groups and the varieties of history and distribution consistent . In these local duck population , 18 microsatellite loci for genetic analysis . (2) domestic ducks mitochondrial DNA D-loop sequence analysis . Four pairs in different locations of the D - loop region primer amplification and detection of known genetic background of domestic ducks and Muscovy duck and domestic ducks unknown genetic background . Domesticated duck in tumor head , the sequence of the D - loop region is homogeneous , domesticated mallard sequence heterogeneity . The results show that the domestic ducks blood nuclear genes originated in the mitochondria . No previous reports in this phenomenon , and the impact of using the D- loop sequences as molecular markers for the study of the genetic diversity of domestic ducks . Establish the tissue specificity of homologous genes in the nucleus and the real D- loop sequence was amplified using specific primers , will help ensure accurate home duck genetic characteristics and species identification .
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