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Eye Movement Studies on the Perceptual Span in Reading Chinese

Author: WangLiHong
Tutor: ZuoGuoLi
School: Tianjin Normal University
Course: Applied Psychology
Keywords: perceptual span moving window paradigm foveamasking paradigm masking material two-character word
CLC: B842.3
Type: PhD thesis
Year: 2011
Downloads: 164
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Abstract


The perceptual span is one of the basic topics in reading research, which is the area of effective vision from which useful information can be obtained during a fixation in reading. The perceptual span is asymmetric, with information from the right of fixation being used much further out. The perceptual span could be influenced by the difficulty of the text、the types of the text、level of reading skills and so on (Rayner,1975,1998,2009)The extensive literature of alphabetic scripts provided a relatively detailed description of fundamental perceptual processes during the reading include the specification of the size of the perceptual span. Relatively little is known about perceptual processes during the reading of Chinese text. At present, many studies on the perceptual span in Chinese reading are inconsistent in masking material、analysis indexes and conclusion. The present research was conducted by using the moving window paradigm and foveamasking paradigm to examine the size of the perceptual span during the reading of Chinese text.The present researches include three parts:The first research was conducted to examine interference effect of masking materials, which aimed at exploring which kind of masking material was appropriate for the current research. The second research was conducted to explore the perceptual span during character or two-character word as the presentation unit by using the moving window paradigm. The third research aimed at verifying the conclusions in the second research by foveamasking paradigm.The details of the designs as follows:Two experiments were conducted to examine interference effect of masking materials in the first research. The moving window paradigm and foveamasking paradigm was respectively used to examine that which kind of masking material has little interference in experiment 1 and experiment 2.Since the great majority of words are two-character words in Chinese. The sentences constructed by two-character words were selected as materials to explore the perceptual span in the second research. The second research includes two experiments. The perceptual span during Character or two-character words as the presentation unit was respectively examined by using the moving window paradigm in experiment 3 and experiment 4. The results of two experiments were analyzed to investigate that the basic processing unit in Chinese reading.Similarly, the sentences constructed by two-character words were selected as materials to explore the perceptual span in the third research. The second research also included two experiments and aimed at verifying the conclusions in the second research. The perceptual span during character or two-character words as the presentation unit was respectively examined by using foveamasking paradigm in experiment 5 and experiment 6. The results of two experiments were analyzed to investigate that the basic processing unit in Chinese reading.The results were as follows:Firstly, for both the moving window paradigm and foveamasking paradigm, asterisk as masking material has little interference effect than complex characters and characters with same strokes.Secondly, the perceptual span of the undergraduate students in reading Chinese extended from one character to its left to two character or three characters to its right on condition that the presentation unit is character. The perceptual span of the undergraduate students in reading Chinese extended from one word to its left to one word or two words to its right on condition that the presentation unit is two-character words.Thirdly, Chinese reading is word-based instead of character-based. The current research supported the hypothesis that the basic processing unit in reading Chinese is word.

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