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The use of antibiotics to treat infectious diseases, scientists have made a major contribution to the cause of human health. Once the correct and effective application of antibiotics, many diseases can be cured. However, in recent years the phenomenon of bacterial resistance, has become an unavoidable reality. Antibiotic resistance can cause serious problems, such as the growth of health care costs, the incidence of infectious diseases and the mortality rate climbed. This is an important public health issues a global concern. Pointed out that according to the Centers for Disease Control, the proper use of outpatient antimicrobial drug prescription, and can prevent or minimize the unnecessary prescription and the excessive use of antibiotics. Clinical infection control is an effective solution to avoid bacterial resistance. Objective: To investigate the hospitalized patients infected with the pathogen distribution and antimicrobial resistance, to provide a reference for clinical anti-infective therapy. Methods: Respiratory Department admitted in our hospital from January 2009 to December 2010 10,558 cases of inpatient cases of electronic scanning inspection statistics of cases in the general bacterial, fungal culture and drug susceptibility identification of test results, using Excel tables, to establish a database The constituent ratio calculated various pathogens as well as different types of bacterial resistance to antibiotics (not accumulated the same patient repeated strains). Results: 4407 cases of laboratory examination of sputum culture, censorship was 41.7%, censorship sputum specimens were cultured and isolated the bacteria in 1294, the detection rate of 29.4%. Which 554 ordinary bacteria, 10 Pseudomonas aeruginosa 180 121, K. pneumoniae, Streptococcus pneumoniae 37 maltophilia in food Aeromonas 35 Escherichia coli 26 Acinetobacter Acinetobacter 25, 18 Klebsiella oxytoca, Enterobacter cloacae 14 8 11 Staphylococcus aureus and Haemophilus influenzae, 79 other bacteria, including gram-negative bacilli 52, 27 gram-positive cocci. 740 of fungus, Candida albicans 592 strains, 73 C. glabrata, 40 Candida tropicalis, krusei Candida 19, Mucor 7 4 fumigatus, Penicillium 3 and molds 2. Most bacteria of penicillin, the second and third-generation cephalosporins, macrolides, sulfa antimicrobial resistance, antimicrobial resistance rates to aminoglycosides and tetracyclines also higher quinolone resistance drug rate is relatively low, and fourth generation cephalosporins, beta-lactamase inhibitor complex, the carbapenems and glycopeptide antimicrobial susceptibility is relatively high. The results show that a hospital in respiratory the medical inpatients sputum culture censorship rate, low rate of separation; clinical fungal infection is more serious; bacterial antimicrobial resistance rates were generally higher, especially penicillin, cephalosporins, three generations of antibiotics. higher resistance rates; major strains of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella oxytoca producing extended spectrum β-lactamase resistance and non-production of extended-spectrum β-lactamase enzyme strain compared The resistance increased significantly. Conclusion: Respiratory Medicine of a hospital inpatient sputum culture censorship rate, the separation rate is low. Clinical fungal infection is more serious. The 3. Respiratory tract infection pathogens is conditional pathogenic Gram-negative bacilli main. Several former general bacterial susceptibility results show that bacteria have different levels of resistance to most antimicrobial agents seized sputum culture as soon as possible that choice of antibiotics, according to the results of drug sensitivity test. 5. Respiratory department of infectious diseases are treated with anti-inflammatory and rational use of antibiotics, actively regulate the patient's immune defense function to control and delay the drug-resistant strains of bacteria, fungi produce.
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