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Evolvement from Morality to Politics-Studies on Machiavelli’s Political Theory

Author: Xu
Tutor: LuoKeQuan
School: Jilin University
Course: The basic principles of Marxism
Keywords: Opinion on combination of politics and moralityevolvement of political techniques influence of politicalthoughts
CLC: D091
Type: Master's thesis
Year: 2013
Downloads: 45
Quote: 0
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Abstract


The persistent existence of morality and politics, whichhave been along with the development of human being, has neverbeen free from the studies political philosophers since the farancient days. Plato’s studies on the relationship betweenmorality and politics has taken city-state development ofancient Greek into consideration. He has proposed the necessityto the combination of morality and politics, and exposed thesignificance of the combination to the development ofcity-state. However, with the endless enlargement of desire ofhuman being, human’s demand were far more than the currentsituation, so the opinion of combination of morality andpolitics from Plato could not fit for the development of humansociety. Therefore, political philosophers will try their bestto search for a new theory mode to apply to the society.Machiavelli’s theory are clear and decisive, and his expression is smooth and logical. Taking firm human theory asevidence, he separates morality from politics. Although headvocates that emperors should possess the violence of lion andcrafty of fox, after all they are all oriented from humanity,which are closely to the demand the reality. Machiavelli’sseparates morality from politics does not mean he denies theexistence of morality. Morality has penetrated into thepolitics as a fresh blood and sufficiently plays itsharmonizing function. It has become the importance way to theunion of a country. It is in use for politics which realizedthe evolvement from morality to politics. Under the backgroundof the globalization, diplomatic tactics of all the countriesis national interest is prior to all. Morality can not existindependently, but it goes together with various moralityfactors. Under such a circumstance, morality is not able to reinpolitical diplomatic tactics. The best option must be orientedfrom interest and beyond morality.Marx has ever recognized Machiavelli’s theory on countryshould be free from the binding of theology,“he has alreadyto observed the country from the view of human. They are natural laws of country brought by theory and reason and experience,but not from theology.” Moreover, he pointed out thatMachiavelli made his politics research independently frommorality, which makes politics completely separated frommorality. He said “from Machiavelli to other ideologists ofrecent days, power is the base of law. Therefore, theory ofpolitics has get rid of morality, the rest is the views onindependent politics research, no others else.” SinceMachiavelli, no human can preset a clear, positive, perfecttarget without any doubt. The diversification of human beingon interest, ideality, and cognition is irreversible.Machiavelli’s theory opened up a new thought to thedevelopment of political philosophy, which pointed out the newdirection of country political reining. He broke up thetraditional binding, took power as political center. Nationalinterest is the criterion of balancing all the diplomatictactics.

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CLC: > Political, legal > Political Theory > History of Political Science,History of Political Thought > World History of Political Thought
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