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China's reform started in rural areas, the focus and difficulty of the reform also in rural areas. China as a developing country has more than 900 million farmers, the \problems. Rural economic organizations in China after a mutual aid groups, people's communes, the household contract responsibility system, including after today's farmer cooperatives and other development model, and along with the rapid development of the socialist market economy with Chinese characteristics, China's rural economic organizations gradually adapt to the changes in China's rural development. With the formal implementation of the \become more closely. The rapid development of agriculture, but also accelerate the fierce competition of modern agriculture. Therefore, If you want to achieve the agricultural scale operation, want to promote the degree of modernization of agriculture in China, the best way is to disperse farmers together to organize themselves to improve the degree of organization of farmers. Of this stage, the most rural areas in the extensive promotion of the household contract responsibility system, the majority of the implementation of a one mode of production, such small-scale operators, enabling farmers at a disadvantage in the competition in the market, in order to change this situation, only on the basis of household contract management should think of ways to disperse farmers who organized, combine the four aspects of the production, processing, transportation, and sale of agricultural products, but how to make it capable of mutual promote effective market-oriented forms of organization and operation mechanism to form? course of development of the rural economic organizations, the government should play what role? this paper as the background, the people's communes household contract responsibility system with remuneration linked to output, The farmer cooperatives perspective, to study the history of China's rural economic organizations change, innovation. Mainly from four aspects of the legal status of the property rights system, the distribution system, the system of internal governance of the three rural people's communes, the household contract responsibility system, as well as farmer cooperatives forms of economic organization are discussed and comparison, which can be drawn China's rural economic organizations with the transformation of the planned economy to the market economy and progress. Rural economic organizations of the people's commune period, there is no clear legal status of the property rights system is not clear, unreasonable distribution system and internal governance mechanisms. Relatively independent of the legal status of the development of China's rural economic organizations to the farmers professional cooperatives period, has a clear system of property rights, a more reasonable distribution system and the institutions of governance. However, the relevant legislation to improve the rural cooperatives is a long process, based on the current situation and development trend of rural economic organizations, we need to explore the perfection and practical problems to resolve legal regulations. So, the end of this article based on the status quo of China's farmers' professional cooperatives from perfecting the legal system of professional cooperatives, the government how to increase policy support professional cooperatives, as well as how to improve the system of property rights of the farmer cooperatives, distribution system and internal governance institutional aspects, positive ideas for how to guide farmers to build a new cooperatives.
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