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Mechanistic model of the process simulation technology is process-based, using a mathematical method to describe the chemical process, through the application of computer-assisted means, process material balance, heat balance, phase equilibrium calculation, to make environmental and economic evaluate, understand all the possible changes in the real process is convenient, saving and safe method. Process simulation technology for the engineering design, process analysis, development of new technology to provide a powerful tool, not only we have the analysis from the point of view of the entire system, the means to judge the merits of a device, but also on the development of a new process to provide reliable predictive analysis, these help people to improve work efficiency and scientific decision-making. The use of computer simulation to optimize the operation of the refinery and chemical plant, so often in the best operating conditions in order to improve the economic efficiency of the production, both at home and abroad in the efforts to develop high-tech one. Crude oil distillation unit is the first stage of a refinery processing of crude oil, occupies an important position in the refining and chemical enterprises, refining enterprise is called \more important is reflected in the downstream of the secondary and tertiary processing devices and products blending and the entire petrochemical joint enterprise efficiency. Therefore, with the process simulation technology to simulate and optimize the operation of the crude distillation unit, is the best operating conditions, has increasingly become the concern and research topic. In this paper, the process simulation software UniSim Design, PR thermodynamic equation, the simulation of a refinery of 600 tons / year crude distillation unit. The main work is as follows: crude true boiling point data first to cut crude oil for a certain number of virtual component, and then select the appropriate primary tower, atmospheric tower and vacuum tower unit module and convergence, and provides a simulation model of the tower and process parameters using sequential modular approach the simulation calculated individually for each unit. The key indicator of the flow and temperature of each tower is basically consistent with the actual working conditions, indicating that the simulation results of chemical process simulation of atmospheric and vacuum distillation unit reflect the real operating conditions of the device, which laid the foundation for the flow of energy optimization. Atmospheric and vacuum distillation simulation results of the process simulation, pinch analysis of the device's atmospheric and vacuum heat exchanger network transformation optimization, improved after the end of the beginning of the end of the heat exchanger of the crude oil temperature from 289 ° C to 298 ° C, change hot-end temperature to improve 9 ℃, reduce the thermal load of the atmospheric furnace, and saves the standard fuel oil consumption.
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