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Study on Preparation and Properties of PANI/Cu2O-based Nanocomposites

Author: CaoJuan
Tutor: ShenYuHua;LiJuChuan
School: Anhui University
Course: Materials Engineering
Keywords: PANI/Cu2O Nanocomposites Dye absorption Photocatalysis Wave-absorbing
CLC: TB332
Type: Master's thesis
Year: 2014
Downloads: 5
Quote: 0
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Abstract


Conducting polymer polyaniline, due to the raw material sources, simple preparation method, excellent environmental stability and fascinating electrical and optical performance, has become the most rapid development of conductive polymer, and the hot material people rushed to develop. Especially, the polyaniline/inorganic nanocomposites could combine the advantages of both polymer polyaniline and inorganic nanoparticles. Such composites show more excellent performance in light, electricity and magnetism, broadening application prospects in the fields such as light catalysis, molecular devices, supercapacitors, absorbing material and so on. However, the general preparations of polyaniline/inorganic composites need to add oxidants such as ammonium persulfate.Nanostructure p-type semiconductor cuprous oxide with special optical and catalytic properties, has potential applications in solar cells, sensor, electrically induced discoloration, superconductor and hydrogen production. Cu2O has become one of the hot topics in material science currently. Nanostructure Cu2O has been developed to deal with organic pollutants in the environment. And porous spherical Cu2O has been used as an adsorbent to remove anionic dyes from waste water, due to its large specific surface area and pore volume. Despite of the simple preparation and low cost, the actual utilization of Cu2O is not wide, because it cannot be recycled and easily affected by light corrosion. However, the stability of Cu2O will be greatly improved after combination with PANI whose chemical and environmental stability is excellent. To our best knowledge, the synthesis of PANI/Cu2O nanocomposite has not been reported previously. The polymerization of aniline using Cu2+as oxidant, can not only prevent the pollution of external initiator, but also reduce Cu2+to form Cu2O, which makes the preparation process more simply and efficiently.In this paper, we mainly prepared several porous nanocomposites based on PANI/Cu2O, including multi-functional dandelion-like Fe3O4/Cu2O/PANI nanocomposite, RGO/PANI/Cu2O porous nanocomposite and RGO/PANI/Cu2O composite hydrogel. The main contents are summarized as the following: 1. Fe3O4/Cu2O/PANI nanocomposites with multifunctions were firstly prepared by one step in situ polymerization using cupric nitrate as the oxidant for aniline in the presence of Fe3O4nanoparticles. The morphologies and properties of Fe3O4/Cu2O/PANI nanocomposites can be controlled by the molar ratio of aniline to Cu2+ions. Remarkably, the porous dandelion-like nanocomposite with lower PANI content is firstly developed as fast and high effective sorbents to remove anion organic dyes selectively, such as congo red (CR) and methyl orange (MO), from simulated sewage system. While the flower-like Fe3O4/Cu2O/PANI nanocomposites with higher PANI content could clean up the oil from water surface easily on account of the superhydrophobility and excellent lipophilicity. Moreover, the composites can be reused easily using external magnetic field, because of the existence of Fe3O4. The nanocomposites obtained may have potential applications in water treatment and environmental cleaning, and so on.2. The cubic Cu2O nanocomposites prepared by glucose reduction method were dispersed in graphene oxide solution, then a3D porous network RGO/PANI/Cu2O composite hydrogel was prepared by hydrothermal method using aniline as the reductant for graphene oxide. The composite hydrogel exhibits an excellent photocatalytic degradation of congo red (CR). And the degradation rate of CR reaches98%in20min. The outstanding photocatalytic activity of the RGO/PANI/Cu2O composite hydrogel was associated with the high adsorption capacity for CR before illumination and the enhanced quantum efficiency.3. RGO/PANI/Cu2O nanocomposites with porous structure were firstly prepared by one step solvothermal method, using aniline as the reductant for cupric nitrate and graphene oxide together. The morphologies of RGO/PANI/Cu2O nanocomposites can be controlled by the molar ratio of aniline to Cu2+ions. The flower-like porous nanocomposites were obtained with the molar ratios of aniline/Cu2+at3. And the microwave absorbing property of the nanocomposites were texted. The result indicated that the nanocomposites with higher PANI content exhibit a maximum absorption of-26dB at13.9GHz with a coating layer thickness of1mm, and show a bandwidth of1.7GHz (from frequency of13.2-14.9GHz) corresponding to reflection loss at-10dB. Compared to pure graphene and PANI, the wave absorption ability of RGO/PANI/Cu2O nanocomposites is enhanced by2-3times. The nanocomposites show a promising application in lightweight wave-absorbing material.

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