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As a big energy country, coal is the most important part of the energy source. In recent years, coal mining is increasing, and the problems resulted become more and more serious. The effect of coal dust is mainly manifested in two aspects:one is harm to human health; the other one is easy to cause combustion and explosion in coal mine. To avoid this risk, the mine dust concentration detection is a necessary means of detection, and it is very necessary.This paper introduces the origin and classification of mineral dust, and the different methods of mineral dust measurements.Then the statement of the light scatterin phenomenon and classification of light scattering are given. This paper elaborates on the Mie scattering theory, derived the theoretical formula, and the obtain coefficient. Gives the relation between the dust concentration measurements by Mie scattering method, and shows the superiority of its measuring method. Through the design of mine dust testing system, respectively, from the optical system, circuit, pumping system, mechanical structure and data processing part design, the final use of the instrument are analyzed. The data measured on a mine field, and analyzed the factors influencing measuring instrument, and the related solutions.
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