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Preparation and Characterization of Nanostructured Lipid Carriers

Author: WangJiaLi
Tutor: ChenHong
School: Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Course: Of Food Science
Keywords: Nanostructured lipid carriers microalgae oil phytosterol encapsulation efficiency loadingcapability crystallization
CLC: TS218
Type: Master's thesis
Year: 2013
Downloads: 115
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Abstract


With the improvement of living standards, chronic diseases, particularly cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, have been one of the biggest killer threatening human health. Thus it is vital to develop new type functional foods for preventing and postponing chronic diseases. Due to its unique bioavailability, lipids, as the important ingredients and additive materials, are applied to functional foods. At the turn of the millennium, a new generation of lipid nanoparticles, nanostructured lipid carriers, were developed for the delivery of bioactive components which were poor aqueous solubility for oral and parenteral administration. Therefore, nanostructured lipid carriers are prospective carrier systems for functional foods. The present review summarizes the preparation and characterization of nanostructured lipid carriers based on microalgae oil and phytosterol loaded-nanostructured lipid carriers, which will provides theoretical basis for its application.(1) Nanostructured lipid carriers were successfully prepared by an optimized microfluidization method. Parameters such as the number of microfluidization cycles, the microfluidization pressure, the concentrations of lipid phase and the level of surfactant were investigated to evaluate their effects on the droplet size. To achieve the balance between the efficacy and economy of the microfluidization process, one cycle at700bar and subsequent two cycles at1500bar rather than three cycles at1500bar were chosen to be the optimum microfluidization parameters in this work. The mean diameter of nanostructured lipid carriers increased with the increasing of lipid phase concentration from2.5%to20%(w/v). Two distinct regimes can be used to explain the dependence of particle size on the surfactant concentration(2) The present work was done to improve water solubility and bioavailability of nanostructured lipid carriers loaded with microalgae oil. Nanostructured lipid carriers with various oil contents were successfully prepared by an optimized microfluidization method using stearic acid as solid lipid, microalgae oil as liquid lipid, and poloxamer188as surfactant. The mean particle diameter of these nanostructured lipid carriers formulations were around300nm and the polydispersity index was below0.2. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that the nanostructured lipid carriers exhibited a spherical shape. The encapsulation efficiency and loading capacity of the nanostructured lipid carriers suggest relatively high distribution of the microalgae oil. Observations on the effects of storage conditions on the particle size and size distributions indicate better physical stability of the nanostructured lipid carriers. Furthermore, the lower scavenging activity of nanostructured lipid carriers compared with that of free microalgae oil, as measured by2,2-diphenyl-l-picrylhydrazyl method, suggests better chemical stability of microalgae oil encapsulated in nanostructured lipid carriers. Differential scanning calorimetry revealed that the addition of microalgae oil into lipid phase might disturb the crystalline order and form lattice defects. These results suggest that nanostructured lipid carriers may be efficient and promising carrier systems for delivery of microalgae oil.(3) Nanostructured lipid carriers were prepared by nine different solid lipids separately. With the increase in carbon chain of solid lipids, the particle size of nanostructured lipid carriers were increased. Except Glycerol tristearate-nanostructured lipid carriers and Glyceryl Behenate-nanostructured lipid carriers, the values of PI were lower than0.2, which showed better dispersing of nanostructured lipid carriers. The values zeta potential of samples indicated better physical stability with no coalescence and aggregation. The encapsulation efficiency and loading capacity of the nanostructured lipid carriers prepared by solid fatty acid increased which were different from the recrystallization of nanostructured lipid carriers which were decreased. In the contrary, the tendency of nanostructured lipid carriers prepared by Glycerides was opposite.

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