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From the economic development practice of economically underdeveloped regions, theduality of the economic structure is a common phenomenon. Based on the perspective ofregional economic development, this article studies and researches in-depth, systematic thekey problems-the dual economic structure optimization issues of China’s economicdevelopment, and the goal of dual economic structure optimization is achieving integratedurban and rural technology, this goal can not only fundamentally solve the " three rural"issue to promote a higher level of social harmony, but also narrow the income gap betweenurban and rural residents, and to promote regional sustainable development. The researchresults and the main contributions of this paper are as follows:First, this paper briefly introduces the research background and significance, researchstatus, the paper’s contents and the main research methods and technology roadmap.Second, explained the importance of dual economic structure of theoretical support,including the classic Marxist ideology dual economic structure optimization, developmenteconomics on the basic idea of the dual economic structure, the dual economic structure kindof modern theoretical value of Systems Science and scientific concept of development ofregional dual economic structure optimization.Third, pointed the necessity of the dual economic structure optimization. Firstly,defined the meaning of the dual economic structure and expounded China’s dual economicstructure of historical evolution, and then analyzes the differences of dual economic structureand characteristics, concluded that dual economic structure caused by the economic andsocial problems.Fourth,analyzed the mechanism of dual economic structure optimization. Firstly,define the meaning of the dual economic structure optimization and established on the basisof dual economic structure optimization metrics system, and then come to the dual economicstructure optimization and in-depth analysis of the constraints to optimize the dual economicstructure between the elements synergy.Fifth, given the dual economic structure optimization path selection, pointing out thatthe dual economic structure optimization should choose the path includes urban and ruraldevelopment, and promote integration, increase investment in agriculture, narrowing the gapbetween town and correctly handle the city and rural, industrial and the complementaryrelationship between agriculture and other three aspects.Sixth, analyzed the dual economic structure optimization of dynamic mechanism,analyze and discuss in-depth the important role, mechanism and countermeasures carried outof national industrialization, urbanization and agricultural modernization.Seventh, analyzed co-ordination mechanism of the dual economic structureoptimization for urban and rural development planning, urban and industrial development,infrastructure and public services, employment and social management co-ordination in the area of dual economic structure optimization important role, mechanism of action and thepromotion of measures were analyzed systematically.Eighth, analyzed the protection mechanisms, policy support mechanisms, agriculturalsupport and protection mechanisms, income distribution adjustment mechanism of dualeconomic structure optimization for poverty alleviation and development mechanism, andthen study in depth the important role of the mechanism and implementation ofcountermeasures of the rural social security system in the area of dual economic structureoptimization.Ninth, use Jilin Province as an example of the dual economic structure optimizationproblem empirical research, combined with the basic ideas and the correspondingcountermeasures of the actual proposed of Jilin dual economic structure optimization
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