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Zhejiang Province is famous for its vegetable production and export in our country. Problem on safe of vegetable quality is not only directly relating to the health of consumer, but also relating to agriculture prosperity, income increasing of farmers, and competition ability of our agricultural products in international market.Pesticide residue and heavy metal pollution are the two important factors that influence the safety of vegetable quality. In this subject sampling monitor of pesticide residue and heavy metal on vegetables in 11 cities of Zhejiang Province was carried on during 2004-2008. The range of sampling inspection included production bases of non-pollution vegetable, production bases of ordinary vegetables, farm product markets, terminal markets and supermarkets...etc. The vegetables being checked included seven types, i.e. greenery vegetable, Chinese cabbage, cabbage, solanaceous vegetable, root vegetable, melon, and bean. There were 22 items of pesticide, i.e. methamidophos, omethoate, phorate, parathion, methyl-parathion, phosphamidon, monocrotophos, chlorpyrifos, dichlorvos, acephate, triazophos, sumithion, isocarbophos, cypermethrin, fenvalerate, dehamethrin, fenpropathrin, cyfluthrin, cyhalothrin, biphenthrin, triadimefon, and chlorothalonil were checked. Heavy metal testing included 4 items, i.e. lead, cadmium, arsenic, and mercury. Testing methods adopted are NY/T 761-2004, GB/T 5009.11-2003, GB/T 5009.12-2003, GB/T 5009.15-2003, and GB/T 5009.17-2003, respectively. The test results of pesticide residue and heavy metal were judged by GB 2763-2005 and the standards of pollution free agriculture products, respectively. According to the monitor and analysis, the present condition and dynamic state of pesticide residue and heavy metal pollution for vegetables in Zhejiang Province were evaluated in this subject. It also analyzed the key factors and main problems that influenced controlling of the pollutions. Characteristics and relativity of heavy metal pollution for vegetables in Zhejiang province were revealed. Countermeasures and suggestions for controlling of pollution and for promoting of safety of vegetable quality were also put forward in this paper. The main conclusions are as follows:(A) In the year of 2004 to 2008, the qualified rate of pesticide residue for vegetables in Zhejiang province are 88.1%, 94.4%, 91.5%, 95.7% and 97.6%, respectively, and the average qualified rate of the five years was 94.4%. According to the test results, the average detected ratio of forbidden pesticides was 3.0% for the five years. Among them, the detected ratio of methamidophos was the highest (2.0%), omethoate and methyl-parathion were secondly high (0.4%). Among all the pesticides allowed for use, the average over-limit ratio for the five years was highest for chlorpyrifos (1.9%), and secondly high (0.5%) for fenvalerate. The average qualified rates of vegetable category for the five years were as follows: solanaceous vegetable and melon (98.6%) > cabbage (97.5%) > bean (91.2%) > greenery vegetable and Chinese cabbage (90.1%) > root vegetable (88.2%).According to the result of monitor, illegal use of forbidden pesticides and unreasonable use of allowed pesticides were the major cause leading to pesticide pollution of vegetables in Zhejiang Province. Countermeasures on effective controlling of pollution could be adopted as follows: (1) Strengthen the management of highly poisonous and forbidden pesticides; (2) Strengthen publicity and training to promote safe production consciousness and capacities of farmers; (3) Improving new planting ways and applying new techniques on preventing and curing vegetable diseases and insects; (4) Improving market-entry certification system and completely eradicating sale approach of unqualified vegetables .(B) In the year of 2004 to 2008, the qualified rate of heavy metal for vegetables applying for non-pollution agricultural product certification in Zhejiang Province were 100%, 88.0%, 96.4%, 93.3%, and 89.6%, respectively. The average qualified rate of the five years was to 94.4%. Among them, arsenic and mercury were not over-limited in content for all vegetables, and the over-limit ratio of lead and cadmium were 0.7% and 4.9%, respectively. According to test results in 2006 and 2007, content of lead, arsenic, and mercury of all samples from vegetable production base in Hangzhou, Jiaxing, Huzhou, and Ningbo were not over-limited, and the over-limit ratio of cadmium reacheed 25.4% and 9.3%, respectively. Environment pollution and unreasonable use of agricultural inputs were the main causes of heavy metal pollution (especially for cadmium) for vegetables. Measures of farmland environmental protection, integrated controlling of heavy metal pollution in soil, researching and popularizing non-pollution agricultural inputs should be carried out in the future.(C) Suggestions for controlling pollution and promoting safety level of agricultural products could be adopted as follows: (1) Referring to international experiences and improving supervision mechanisms for safety quality of agricultural products; (2) Changing production mode and pushing forward mass production and standard production in villages; (3) Setting up full supervision and speeding up construction of tracing system for agricultural production; (4) Increasing input of fund and technology and improving monitoring system for agricultural production.
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