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The object of this study is to isolate the water-soluble polysaccharide from the Tricholoma matsutake Sing.,and to further characterize its structure.The crude polysaccharides was obtained from the Tricholoma matsutake Sing.by water exteraction followed by ethanol precipitation. The crude polysaccharide purified by ion chromatograph DEAE-Sepharose Fast Flow,and gel permeation chromatograph Sephadex G-100,and two polysaccharide fractions obtained and termed TMS-1,TMS-2,respectively.The average Mw of the TMS-1and TMS-2 were 22180 Da Da,16450 Da Da using gel permeation chromatograph .Ion-chromatography detection GC-MS analysis indicated that TMS-1 was composed of D-galacctose and 3-O-CH3-galactose,in the molar ratio of 1.23:1.55; TMS-2 was composed of D-rhamnose,D-mannose, D-glucose,in the molar ratio of 1.25:1.51:4.85.Structural features of TMS-1and TMS-2 were investigated by a combination of instrumental and chemical analysis,including methylatio analysis and NMR(1H NMR,13C NMR,H-H COSY、HMQC、HMBC、DEPT Spectrum) spectroscopy. The main chain of TMS-1 was made of l→)–α–Gal–(l→6)–3–O–CH3–α–Gal–(l→; The main chain of TMS-2 was made of (l→6)–α–Glc, (l→2,4)-α–Man, and side chain was composed of (l→)–α–Rha residues.The antioxidant effects of different Tricholoma matsutake Sing. Polysaccharides were studied in vitro by different testing systems, which included DPPH radical ,superoxide anion radical, hydroxyl radical.The result showed that TMS,TMS-1 and TMS-2 all had certain antioxidant activities. The correlativity of their effects and the doses are positive, in a certain concentration range.The TMS-1 showed high antioxidant activities in the hydroxyl radical system . At 0.4-0.6 mg/mL, showed an excellent hydroxyl radical scavenging activity among all the fraction samples, also higher than VitamiC. Applying it to study health food antioxidant, can reduce free radicals on the body can damage or mutation, has good development prospects. In the X-ray irradiation conditions Tricholoma polysaccharide TMS-2 in the 50μg / mL concentration to normal cell lines increased the survival rate of 51.77 percent, while the control group, the survival rate of tumor cell lines increased only 6.33%, with a control group , the difference is significant..If use the TMS-2 for the treatment of cancer during chemotherapy, can kill tumor cells while protecting normal cells, greatly reducing the toxic side effects of chemotherapy, radiotherapy and chemotherapy patients enhance health and improve bear force patients to relieve their suffering, which makes the polysaccharide TMS-2 in the clinical application of radiotherapy for cancer that has great significance.
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