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Study on Solid-state Fermentation of Distilled Grain with Different Pretreatments by Phanerochaete Chrysosporium

Author: WuDan
Tutor: WangZhiSheng；ZhouAnGuo
School: Sichuan Agricultural University
Course: Animal Nutrition and Feed Science
Keywords: Lignin Distillers grains Yellow Phanerochaete chrysosporium Machining Degradation in the rumen
CLC: S816.35
Type: Master's thesis
Year: 2011
Downloads: 16
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Abstract

Through three experiments to study the different processing pretreatment of Phanerochaete chrysosporium bacteria degradation distillers grains (DG), lignin (ADL), assessed the effect of the different methods to deal with the nutritional value and utilization of DG. Experiment a yellow Phanerochaete chrysosporium set comparing the four particle size (not crushed to 30 mesh, 60 mesh, 100 mesh) the four urea ammoniated concentrations (0%, the effect of different pretreatment white lees lignin degradation 4%, 6% and 8%, respectively). Test 4 levels of two factors completely cross-group design, a total of 16 treatments, each treatment three replicates. Phanerochaete chrysosporium bacteria fermented according to the design of processing samples after 20d. The test results show: and Phanerochaete chrysosporium bacteria capable of degrading the DG lignin and cellulose degradation rate of 4.11% and 17.27%, respectively, and the rate of degradation of cellulose / lignin degradation rate (CELD / ADLD), 4.2. With the crush size increase, the first increase in ADL degradation reduced biggest smash the degradation rate of 60 mesh group ADL, 17.26% and the its CELD / ADLD 2.79; as the ammoniated concentration increases, ADL degradation first and then decreased The highest degradation rate of 4% urea treatment group ADL, 10.26%, its CELD / ADLD also the lowest (1.82); the white lees in the joint treatment of the two (crushed ammoniating) under the conditions ADL degradation rate is higher (P lt; 0.05), and 60 mesh crushed ADL highest degradation rate of 4% ammoniated fermentation group (33.85%). The its CELD / ADLD 1.45. The crush size ADL degradation rate increases the greatest impact, and the correlation coefficient r = 0.633. The above results show that the combination of crushed and ammoniated microbial fermentation, can not only improve the degradation rate of the ADL, but also to reduce the loss of CEL, improve Huang Phanerochaete chrysosporium degradation effect on ADL. Experiment two different processing methods dialogue lees characteristics of gas production and rumen fermentation parameters of lignin degradation the best groups, different processing group distillers grains screening test based on a different pretreatment methods including the absence of pretreatment White lees, 60 mesh crushed distillers grains, distillers grains 4% urea ammoniation and 60 mesh crushed 4% urea ammoniation white lees. White lees artificial rumen gas production Examined by yellow spore before and after the original the Maoping Ge bacteria fermentation processing group (a total of eight treatment groups) in 2h, 4h, 6h, 9h, 12h, 24h, 36h, 48h, and 72h gas production to calculate the parameters of gas production. Determination of the end of fermentation pH, ammonia (NH3-N), microbial protein (MCP) and volatile fatty acids (VFA) fermentation parameters. Each treatment five replicates. The results show that: compared with unfermented white lees, Phanerochaete chrysosporium fermentation to increase the the DG gas production and DM disappearance of rate (P gt; 0.05). Phanerochaete chrysosporium fermentation DG vitro fermentation indicators also no significant impact (P gt; 0.05). 4%, 4% ammoniated and 60 mesh crushed ammoniated After 60 mesh crushed and then with the Phanerochaete chrysosporium fermentation DG, the theoretical maximum rate of gas production and gas production were increased. 4% of ammoniated fermentation and 60 mesh crushed 4% ammoniated fermentation (Joint fermentation group) can significantly improve the theoretical maximum output of the DG gas (P lt; 0.01) and the gas production rate (P lt; 0.01), Joint fermentation group gas production, theoretical maximum gas production and gas production rates were highest (P lt; 0.01). 4% ammoniated fermentation and co-fermentation group total volatile fatty acids (TVFA) was significantly higher than the other groups (P lt; 0.05). 60 mesh crushed fermentation, the 4% ammoniated fermentation, Joint fermentation group propionate ratio was significantly higher than the direct fermentation the white lees and unfermented white lees (P lt; 0.05), ethylene-propylene ratio of 4% ammoniated fermentation and co-fermentation group direct fermentation of distillers grains were lower than, and unfermented white lees group (P lt; 0.05), and 60 mesh crushed fermented ammonia concentration of 4% ammoniated fermentation and co-fermentation group were significantly lower (P lt; 0.01). 4% ammoniated fermentation and co-fermentation of ammonia concentration higher than fermentation in the other groups (P lt; 0.05). Joint microbial fermentation group the highest protein concentration (P lt; 0.05). The pH of the rumen fluid of each group are in the normal range of 6.0-7.0. The above results indicate that 60 mesh crushed 4% ammoniated joint processing can better improve rumen fermentation characteristics of distillers grains. In comparison with a single processing method, the joint fermentation group of rumen fermentation to improve the effectiveness and gas production to improve the best. Experiment three different processing methods dialogue lees rumen degradation rate impact test installation ruminal Xuanhan cattle as experimental animals, different processing groups the white lees including: white lees for pretreatment, the white lees, 60 mesh crushed 4 the rumen Nylon% urea ammoniated distillers grains and 60 mesh crushed the white lees, after the 4% urea ammoniated before and after different processing groups of white nylon bag method Phanerochaete chrysosporium fermentation lees (a total of eight treatment groups) bags degradation effect study of DM, NDF, CEL, ADL, CP in the rumen 3h, 6h, 12h, 24h, 48h, 72h degradation rate, for each time point six repetitions. The results show that: the distillers grains directly with Phanerochaete chrysosporium bacteria fermentation DM, NDF, CEL and CP degradation rate of 40.63%, 28.88%, 31.83% and 70.38%, respectively. Pretreated yellow Phanerochaete chrysosporium fermented distillers grains the 72h when each component degradation rate is higher than the direct fermentation of distillers grains. Joint fermentation group DM digestibility, NDF, CEL highest degradation rate (64.58%, 59.04%, 72.52%), the highest CP degradation rate of 4% ammoniated the fermentation group (88.55%). After the Phanerochaete chrysosporium fermentation, the of distillers grains DM 60 mesh crushed rapid degradation of part (b) significantly increased (P lt; 0.05); the distillers grains DM 4% ammoniated slow part (b) significantly increased (P LT; 0.05); 60 mesh crushed 4% ammoniated treatment group after its fermentation DM of a and b values ??were significantly higher than the pre-fermentation (P LT; 0.05). DM degradation rate (c) fermentation before and after each treatment group difference was not significant (P gt; 0.05). Compared with before fermentation After of Phanerochaete chrysosporium fermentation of distillers grains NDF with CEL fast and slow degradation of some differences were not significant, and 60 mesh crushed fermented, 4% ammonification the fermentation, joint fermentation group The degradation rate was significantly higher than the fermentation (P lt; 0.05). Joint fermentation group degradation parameters better than the rest of the group. In summary, ammoniated with yellow Phanerochaete chrysosporium fermentation to improve the nutritional value of distillers grains, compared with direct fermentation of distillers grains, 60 heads crushed with 4% ammonia treatment helps Phanerochaete chrysosporium Degradation The distillers grains lignin, significantly increased the degradation rate of lignin, reduce the loss of fiber degradation effect of particle size on the promotion of the ADL, and crushed to better than ammoniated. Crushed, ammoniated combined the Phanerochaete chrysosporium fermentation process to improve rumen fermentation characteristics of distillers grains, distillers grains ruminal DM digestibility improved due to improve the the white lees rumen rapid degradation parameters and slow degradation parameters, NDF, and CEL degradation rate improve processing distillers grains increased rumen degradation rate. 60 mesh crushed 4% urea ammoniated yellow Phanerochaete chrysosporium fermented combination treatment was best.

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