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As oil exploitation continues, casing damage has become a problem afflicting the oil business in the world. Because of casing deep into underground, in which a poor environment, strata movement, high temperature and pressure, corrosion, electromagnetic radiation, limited space, and other factors, not only lead to easy deformation of the casing, but also cause difficulties in casing damage monitoring. Previous monitoring of casing damage limited to periodic stop for check, post-treatment after damage, which risks the normal production of oil and causes enormous losses. Therefore, real-time monitoring of casing strain, forecasting and early treatment has become a serious problem.Firstly, this thesis studied the domestic and international existing monitoring methods of casing damage, analyzed the advantages and disadvantages of each detection method, and proposed a detection method to realize online monitoring and early warning by using fiber optic sensors, which has the feature of strong anti-interference, high sensitivity, high precision and good linearity of strain measurement. Then, based on the specific situation of the oil field, a casing damage monitoring management operating system was proposed. The system integrate field layer, control layer and management layer, trying to establish a system which combines the good performance of data sensing, layer communicating, information management and user experience. Finally, after conducting a detailed demand analysis, the overall system architecture was designed. And on this basis, the hardware and software modules were designed and implemented in detail.The monitoring experiments of casing strain showed that the online monitoring management system based on optical fiber sensor can monitoring the working condition of casing accurately in real time. It indicates that the system has a good feasibility, and provides a good solution and ideas for the design of online casing monitoring system. It is significant to casing advance warning and lowering the enormous economic losses due to casing damage.
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