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Preparation of Three-dimensionally Ordered Macroporous HAlMnO4 Lithium Ion-sieve and Its Adsorption Properties

Author: LiuShiFeng
Tutor: YangLiXin
School: Xiangtan University
Course: Inorganic Chemistry
Keywords: Lithium - ion sieve Colloidal crystal template 3D ordered macroporous Spinel phase Ion exchange
CLC: O614.111
Type: Master's thesis
Year: 2010
Downloads: 81
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Abstract


Lithium is an important metal in the people's production and life. For extracting lithium from salt lake brine and seawater in the past half century, a variety of methods such as solvent extraction, precipitation, ion exchange assay has been extensively studied. Wherein the adsorbent due to certain specific inorganic screening material demonstrated Li highly selective and environment-friendly effect is considered to be the most promising approach. Especially various lithium manganese oxides having a lithium manganese oxide spinel phase adsorbents have been studied and characterization. However, the clogging of the binder and the solid phase diffusion resistance inhibited the adsorption characteristics of the adsorbent, and the deintercalation process of the Li-the manganese price change causes the adsorbent prone solution loss. To overcome these drawbacks, the present work is carried out from two aspects of the chemical composition and structure of the material on the adsorbent Modification. By the introduction of a stable trivalent elements, changing the composition of the material, and to improve the stability of the adsorbent; the adsorbent is made of a three-dimensional macroporous materials, and to improve ion transmission performance. This dissertation includes the following four parts: the preparation of the colloidal crystal template, the preparation of three-dimensional ordered macroporous lithium aluminum manganese oxide precursor acid treatment and the adsorption characteristics of the lithium ion sieve. By microemulsion polymerization, emulsion polymerization method and the sol - gel prepared monodisperse poly (methyl methacrylate), polystyrene and silica microspheres, assembled three-dimensional centrifugal sedimentation and natural subsidence sequence colloidal crystal template. Microsphere diameter and assembly methods of preparation conditions on the quality of the colloidal crystal template. The a the filled lithium nitrate, aluminum nitrate, and manganese acetate mixed solution was prepared, in the polymethyl methacrylate colloidal crystal template the the the aluminum incorporation of 3D ordered macroporous aluminum lithium manganese oxide LiAlMnO4. The morphology of the material and the size of the large hole using field emission scanning electron microscope (SEM) observation, observation of the front surface of the sample after 1 00 s spray gold processing; crystalline phase and grain size of the sample use The powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurement; BET specific surface area was measured with a surface area analyzer, the sample at 100 ° C overnight degassing treatment before adsorption. The effects of preparation conditions on the morphology and crystal structure of three-dimensional ordered macroporous lithium aluminum manganese oxide. Delithiation treatment after hydrochloric acid and ammonium persulfate solution, the samples obtained new three-dimensional ordered macroporous lithium-ion the sieve HAlMnO 4 . The experiments show that the pore size and pore wall thickness of about 240 nm and 52 nm, respectively, the X-ray diffraction peak attributed to the pure spinel phase. In 0.1 mol / L HCl solution, the lithium-ion prolapse rate reached more than 97%, due to the substitution of aluminum trivalent manganese, manganese and aluminum melting damage effectively inhibit the Jahn-Teller effect of the solid structure, were only 0.23% and 0.45%. The prepared adsorbent properties showed, lithium-ion maximum adsorption capacity of 45.5 mg / g, 96.3% HAlMnO4 theoretical adsorption amount. At the same time, the lithium-ion adsorption rate significantly speed up on the adsorbent in coexistence with the of Na , K the Mg 2 of Ca 2 solution Li has a high selectivity. The ion sieve material exhibiting excellent properties, wish to apply to the extraction of lithium from a very dilute solution.

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CLC: > Mathematical sciences and chemical > Chemistry > Inorganic Chemistry > Metal elements and their compounds > Part Ⅰ family metal elements and their compounds > Elements of the alkali metal ( I A tribe) > Lithium Li
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