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Characteristics of Absorption, Utilization of Different Varieties and Fertilization by Apple

Author: LiHongBo
Tutor: JiangYuanMao；PengFuTian
School: Shandong Agricultural University
Course: Pomology
Keywords: Apple Variety 15N Fertilization depth Fractionated fertilization Use
CLC: S661.1
Type: Master's thesis
Year: 2010
Downloads: 77
Quote: 0
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Abstract

2008 to 2009, in Shandong Yiyuan cv to 15-year-old Fuji apple / Malus hupehensis (M. domestica Borkh. The Red with Fuji / M. hupenensis Rhed) and Shandong Yantai to 8-year-old Gala apples / Malus hupehensis ( the 'Gala'apple Malus domestica / Malus hupehensis) as test material, the use of stable isotope ^{15 N tracer technique to study the bud before the soil application ^{15 N-urea under the conditions different varieties of Fuji apple ^{15 N absorption, distribution and utilization characteristics, different fertilization depth and the number of different fertilization Gala apples ^{15 N absorption, distribution and utilization characteristics . The main results are as follows: 1. Different types of Fuji apple spring soil Shi ^{15 N urea uptake, distribution and utilization characteristics results show that: the flowering spur-type and common type of Red Fuji are fine root in the highest Ndff value, respectively 0.41% and 0.29%, the spur - significantly higher than normal; wang shoots long and the flower bud differentiation stage, the roots of ^{15 N priority to the new organs functioning spur type Red Fuji In addition to leaves the remaining organs Ndff values ??were higher than the ordinary type; stage of fruit enlargement and fruit harvest period, spur-type and common type of Red Fuji are the fruit Ndff highest spur type above common type; after harvest, the spur-type and common type of Red Fuji are coarse roots highest in Ndff value, 0.91% and 0.79%, respectively, spur-type higher than the ordinary type. The the different phenophases spur-type and ordinary type the Red Fuji absorption of ^{15 N in each organ distribution rate differences, storage organs of flowering ^{15 N distribution rate the highest of the two varieties the difference was not significant; shoots vigorous and flower bud differentiation stage, the the spur and Normal Red Fuji storage organs ^{15 N distribution rate is declining, 15N allocated to vegetative organs spur type below common type; fruit enlargement and fruit harvest spur-type and common type of Red Fuji reproductive organs become the new distribution center spur - significantly higher than ordinary; harvested after ^{15 N to storage organ reflux, accumulation, spur-type Red Fuji storage organs can accumulate more nutrients. Spring soil application ^{15 N-urea, with phenophase goes, spur-type and common type of Red Fuji the on ^{15 N absorption and utilization of urea gradually increased, harvesting peaked at 24.64% and 16.31%, respectively, the spur - Red Fuji nitrogen utilization is generally higher than the ordinary type. . Gala on the different fertilization depth of soil applied ^{15 N-urea nitrogen absorption, distribution and utilization characteristics results showed that: different fertilization depth treatment, of Gala apples organ Ndff value differences significantly of deep fertilization (40cm) and surface fertilization (0cm) the various organs Ndff value significantly lower than the mid-level fertilization (20cm), three fertilizer treatments the value of Ndff of flowering are fine root highest, coarse roots followed; shoots vigorous and fruit enlargement period the roots of ^{15 N to give priority to new organs functioning; fruit maturity are the fruit Ndff highest new organs Ndff values ??generally higher than the storage organs; harvest, ^{15 N in coarse roots and fine roots Ndff highest ground storage organs, followed by the new organs down to a lower level, trees absorb ^{15 N to start the storage organs reflux, accumulated. The different phenophases Apple absorption ^{15 N organ distribution rate exist significant differences, but the differences between the different depths fertilization treatment is not significant. Spring soil application ^{15 N-urea, with phenophase goes, plant the on ^{15 N absorption and utilization of urea gradually increased after harvest highest surface, middle the and deep fertilization treatment utilization were 20.06%, 28.15% and 13.39%, middle fertilization Gala nitrogen utilization was significantly higher than the surface fertilization and deep fertilization treatments. 3 Gala apples on the number of different fertilization facilities ^{15 N-urea uptake, distribution, and use characteristics of study results show that: different ways of fertilizing, fruit ripening Gala the plant organ Ndff value differences are significant, sub times fertilization of various organs Ndff value is generally higher than the one-time fertilization treatments, graded fertilization and once fertilization treatments are the fruit of Ndff value highest, 3.22% and 2.81%, respectively, followed by the leaves of the long shoots, short shoots and long shoots; shoots the vigorous fruit enlargement graded fertilization of fruit and roots Ndff value were lower than the one-time fertilization treatments, but more than a one-time fertilization fruit maturity Ndff value. The fruit mature reproductive organs distribution rate highest the the sub sub fertilization reproductive organs ^{15 N distribution rate slightly higher than the one-time fertilization, both were 60.22%, 57.35%, and the vegetative organs of disposable fertilization treatments and storage organ ^{15 N distribution rate is higher than the graded fertilization treatments. Fractionated fertilization treatments ^{15 N utilization rate was 32.2%, significantly higher than the one-time fertilization treatments, graded and fertilizer nitrogen utilization is 27.52% higher than the one-time fertilization.}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}

Characteristics of Absorption, Utilization of Different Varieties and Fertilization by Apple

Abstract

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