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ASTER Remote Sensing Image-Based Lithologic Information Extraction of the East Kulun Orogenic Belt

Author: GaoWanLi
Tutor: ZhangXuJiao
School: Chinese Geology University (Beijing)
Course: Quaternary Geology
Keywords: ASTER Lithology extract Principal Component Analysis Mineral Index East Kunlun orogenic belt
CLC: P584
Type: Master's thesis
Year: 2011
Downloads: 193
Quote: 0
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Abstract


The spectral characteristics of the rock lithology identification using remote sensing methods based on the rapid development of remote sensing technology to promote the study the Spectroscopy of rock and the spectral characteristics of the rock, which in turn prompted the lithology recognition technology in-depth development. Paper selected the East Kunlun orogenic belt and the eastern section of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Springs Reservoir region as the research object, using ASTER remote sensing data to extract the lithology of the area, through the analysis of the spectral characteristics of the typical lithology, principal component analysis, mineral index method to extract lithologic information, and obtained the following results: (1) of the spectral characteristics of the lithology of limestone, sandstone, slate, combined with the testing of the chemical composition of the rock samples, the spectral characteristics of the different lithologies comparative study. The results showed that the main component of CaO in limestone, the bands characteristic is mainly caused by the vibration of the CO32-group, the main ingredient is SiO2 sandstone emission spectral features are mainly caused by the vibration of Si-O Jian. (2) The application of principal component analysis method for processing ASTER remote sensing images of the study area, the main components of the image with the traditional image comparison results show that the principal component images clearer tone, texture, and be able to highlight the snow Hebei Ministry Abnormal S shaped alteration strip. (3) The application of mineral index for processing ASTER image of the study area, the mineral index map. The figure represent the distribution of the different types of minerals in the study area; mineral color composite index image, you can clear circle carbonate rocks, slate, volcanic rock lithology boundaries. (4) measurement of field lithologic section, lithologic unit of the study area is divided limestone - dolomite, sandstone - Conglomerate - slate, purple-red conglomerate, basalt - volcanic clastic rocks, loose debris in the top five class, combined with the imaging characteristics of the study, and interpret the signs of the various lithological units, drawn on the basis of a comprehensive lithological interpretation map and lithologic maps. The above results show that the high spectral resolution of ASTER data, providing fine mineral information, clear and rich, and the use of mineral index lithology and alteration information extraction, especially carbonate rocks the lithology boundaries of mafic rocks altered rocks and the recognition effect is more obvious, clear in remote sensing image circle the boundaries of the different lithological type, the circle lithologic boundary and field geological survey found basic agreement.

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CLC: > Astronomy,Earth Sciences > Geology > Petrology > Rock physics and rock chemistry
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