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The Research on Jin-Hua-Yin in Ming Dynasty

Author: WangChang
Tutor: LuoDongYang
School: Northeast Normal University
Course: Education
Keywords: Ming dynasty Jin-hua-yin tax levy discount
CLC: F822
Type: Master's thesis
Year: 2011
Downloads: 84
Quote: 0
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Abstract


The emergence of Jinhuayin is the result of many factors. There are mainly four factors. Firstly, the expansion of palace consumption made the contradiction among the palace, government administration and public finance. Finally they made a compromise. Secondly, continuously severely tax arrears made the contradiction between the government and the south of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River gradually increased. This made those who advocate reducing the taxation in the government and those region achieve a certain balance policy. Thirdly, technically the transportation played a important role in the levy of Jinhuayin. Finally, the basic conditions of the levy of Jihuayin is the historical background of the silver as currency in Ming dynasty.The levy of Jinhuayin was beginning from Zhengtong first year, gone through a process of development and formed a system between the Chenghua and Hongzhi period. The distribution of Jinhuayin is not absolutely based on the amount of field owned by the government or people’s field. Although the silver discount rate and the increase consumption were both very low, they did not reduce the press of the taxpayer. The levy of Jinhuayin is related to the transport capacity. Jinhuayin is not levied in the place where there is no wateray transportaion. Jinhuayin is more important in the process of silver as currency than in the silver in the land tax and discount silver. In previous studies, many scholars paid more attention to the silver in the land tax and discount silver. The government did not change the monetary policy. They just made the equivalent silver instead of the transportation of tax in kind from south to north.

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CLC: > Economic > Fiscal, monetary > Currency > China's currency
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