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The Control Effect to Meloidogyne Incognita and Soil Microbe Ecological Effect of 56% Aluminium Phosphide Tablet

Author: ZuoHuan
Tutor: WangKaiYun
School: Shandong Agricultural University
Course: Pesticides
Keywords: Aluminum phosphide Fumigation Incognita Microbial Soil enzymes
CLC: S436.421
Type: Master's thesis
Year: 2011
Downloads: 52
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Abstract


This thesis focuses on aluminum phosphide fumigants, by pot experiments and field trials systematic study of its tomato, cucumber root-knot nematode control effect on tomato, cucumber growth and yield; By analyzing soil microbes, respiration soil hydrolase, oxidoreductase change, and explore the impact of aluminum phosphide on soil microbial activity, results will now be summarized as follows: 1. Through indoor pot experiment to study the 56% aluminum phosphide tablets of tomato root knot nematode control effect. Greenhouse pot experiment showed that 56% of aluminum phosphide tablets 18.75 kg · ha-1, 37.50 kg · ha-1 and 56.25 kg · ha-1 three treatments on tomato root knot nematode have good control effect , and the amount of pesticide control effect increases with the increase. Pharmacy fumigated soil and transplanting tomato seedlings after 60 d, the three treatments on tomato root knot nematode control effect reached 50.00%, 56.67% and 63.33% in the control agent abamectin 1.8% EC 7.5 L · ha -1 treatments on root knot nematode control effect of 60.00%. High doses of aluminum phosphide control effect than the control agent avermectin. 2 through 4 field trials were studied by 56% aluminum phosphide tablets on tomato and cucumber root-knot nematode control effect. Tomatoes and cucumbers in the prevention of root knot nematode in field trials, pharmaceutical and transplanting plants fumigated soil after 20 d, 40 d, 60 d soil samples detected per 100 g of the number of nematodes in the soil, the first 60 d survey root knot Index. The results showed that 56% of aluminum phosphide tablets 18.75 kg · ha-1, 37.50 kg · ha-1 and 56.25 kg · ha-1 three treatments could reduce the number of root-knot nematode, and the control effect as spraying volume increases. High-dose treatment (56.25 kg · ha-1) and control pharmaceutical efficacy of methyl bromide or less, can better control the root-knot nematode disease. 3 indoor potted plants and field trials, the study of 56% aluminum phosphide tablets on tomato and cucumber height growth changes. Greenhouse trial, after transplanting tomato 15 d, and not all of the pharmaceutical treatment between spraying blank, there was no significant difference in height. In transplanting after 25 d, 56% aluminum phosphide tablets 18.75 kg · ha-1, 37.50 kg · ha-1 and 56.25 kg · ha-1 three processing plant height was significantly higher than Avermectin EC 7.5 L · ha-1 treatment and not spraying blank. Tomato transplanting after 35 d, 56% aluminum phosphide 56.25 kg · ha-1 deal with the most significant growth in height, with a low dose of aluminum phosphide and avermectin treatment and blank control there was a significant difference compared. The first 45 d after transplanting tomato measure, is still 56% aluminum phosphide 56.25 kg · ha-1 processing plant height growth the most significant. In field trials, 56% aluminum phosphide tablets 18.75 kg · ha-1, 37.50 kg · ha-1 and 56.25 kg · ha-1 fumigated soil after transplanting from the plants after 30 d and 50 d height measurement results, tomato and cucumber plant height undergone significant changes, aluminum phosphide treated plant height was significantly higher than the control group and the pesticide avermectin drug control group, and high doses of aluminum phosphide treatment (56.25 kg · ha-1) plant height increased most significantly, the effect of treatment with methyl bromide control agents considerably. 4 by potted plants and field trials, 56% of aluminum phosphide tablets were studied on tomato and cucumber stem diameter growth changes. Experimental results show that aluminum phosphide treated with the control stem diameter compared with no significant difference. However, stem diameter aluminum phosphide high-dose treatment than the control group avermectin Pharmacy. 5 Use the field efficacy trials, 56% of aluminum phosphide tablets were studied on tomato, cucumber yield. Tests showed that in the fight against root knot nematode in field trials, 56% of aluminum phosphide tablets 18.75 kg · ha-1, 37.50 kg · ha-1 and 56.25 kg · ha-1 three treatments and the control agent Avi streptozotocin 7.5 L · ha-1 treatment compared to the control and non-pesticide, tomato and cucumber yield significantly improved, and high doses of aluminum phosphide treatment (56.25 kg · ha-1) on tomato and cucumber production increases the most significant. 6 Use the field efficacy trials, studied two different texture of the plastic film on the 56% efficacy of aluminum phosphide tablets. The results show that the use of black polyethylene 0.1 mm thick plastic film can be improved nematicidal effect of aluminum phosphide, aluminum phosphide especially for low-dose (18.75 kg · ha-1) nematicidal effect. With 0.1 mm thick white polyethylene plastic film, 18.75 kg · ha-1, 37.50 kg · ha-1 and 56.25 kg · ha-1 three doses of aluminum phosphide on nematode control effect was 66.67%, respectively, 56.67% and 31.67%, while the use of 0.038 mm thick white polyethylene plastic film, three doses of aluminum phosphide for nematode control effect was 64.91%, 50.88% and 24.56%. Airtight plastic film with good effects help to improve the control effect of aluminum phosphide on the root-knot nematode. 7 combined with laboratory and field trials by plate dilution method using aluminum phosphide after the impact on soil microbial quantity. 56% aluminum phosphide tablets (0.1,1,10 mg · g-1) fumigated soil, found that low concentrations of the impact of treatment on bacterial populations begins as inhibition of the late inhibition eliminate the number of bacteria recovered close to normal levels ; after soil fumigation with aluminum phosphide, various concentrations of treatments on soil fungal populations showed inhibition, and inhibition and processing proportional to the concentration, 10 mg · g-1 dose handle the entire treatment period no inhibitory effect on fungi recovery; aluminum phosphide fumigation the soil, on the impact of actinomycetes and fungi similar. In field trials, according to conventional dosage administered aluminum phosphide on soil culturable bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes no significant effect on the number. 8.56% aluminum phosphide tablets effects on soil microbial respiration measurement results show that aluminum phosphide fumigation of soil after 0-2 d, different concentration (0.1,1,10 mg · g-1) phosphate aluminum on soil microbial respiration have a certain degree of inhibition. Of which 10 mg · g-1 aluminum phosphide on soil microbial respiration inhibition maximum inhibition rate reached 77.28%. After 2-30 d, 56% aluminum phosphide tablets 0.1,1 mg · g-1 treatment on soil microbial respiration stimulation to some extent, while 10 mg · g-1 treatment in the early (0-11 d ) showed inhibition, to the late (11-30 d) inhibition of elimination into facilitating role. 9 combined with laboratory and field trials 56% of aluminum phosphide tablets were measured on soil microbial enzyme activity. Indoor test showed that aluminum phosphide fumigation of soil, each concentration treatment (0.1,1,10 mg · g-1) on soil urease enzyme activity showed inhibition; low concentration expressed as sucrose enzyme activation - inhibition high concentrations showed inhibition; low concentration on catalase showed inhibition - activating effect, while high concentrations of treatment showed activation - inhibition, in between treatments at 30 d catalase activity was not significantly different sex. In the field test conditions, 18.75 kg · ha-1, 37.50 kg · ha-1 and 56.25 kg · ha-1 three different concentrations of aluminum phosphide fumigation of the soil, the soil has little effect on the enzyme activity, a period of time After the return to the control level.

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CLC: > Agricultural Sciences > Plant Protection > Pest and Disease Control > Horticultural Crops Pest and Disease Control > Vegetable pests > Melons, pests and diseases > Cucumber pests and diseases
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