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Comparative Study of London and Beijing Merchant Class in 18th Century

Author: LiZuo
Tutor: HuangYueQing
School: Chongqing Normal University
Course: World History
Keywords: 18th century London and Beijing Merchant class Comparative Study
CLC: K14
Type: Master's thesis
Year: 2011
Downloads: 36
Quote: 0
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Abstract

The 18th century world history study, can be found, commercial development, trade in expanding the number and variety of changes in the world overall direction of the mainstream. Among them, the role of cities in significantly improved. Population growth, the emergence of specialized commercial city become a leading economic development. In many cities, as the imperial capital cities are often able to get better development opportunities. With their powerful monarchy achieved political dominance; their own countries represented the nobility and officialdom ruling class capable of creating vast consumer market, attracting investment and business people business services. 18th century, the capital basically become a national center of trade and cargo distribution center, which also led the development of the merchant class in the big cities. As a representative of the capital city of East and West - Beijing and London, one of the merchant class share common characteristics, but more different characteristics. In this paper, the merchant class is divided into upper and lower three levels to inspect the following conclusions: two urban merchant class in the hierarchy, the scale of operation, etc. all have similarities. First, the number of merchants and wealth along with the development and growth of the city, the members of all sectors of society have changed as traders might; secondly, a clear division of business projects businessmen, traders tend to trade in a fixed place, a variety of industries businessmen have also formed a corresponding organization or business to help guilds, business groups monopolize the production of goods transport and sale, forming a commercial system, which is the economic development progress; Third, urban commercial development attracted merchants from all over artisans. Especially at the bottom businessmen, many people are migrating into the city to make a living; Finally, the merchant class to promote the large-scale consumption of urban development, as the representative of luxury living. Compared with the common, the more it is two cities merchant class differences. First, the two cities between the merchant class and the relationship between government officials there are differences. Although the city's top two businessmen with their respective governments are closely linked, but its essence is a clear difference. Second, merchants of national policy regimes influence the creation of very different. London merchants can have the right to formulate policy, Beijing businessman can only obey the Qing dynasty's policy can not be changed. Third, the power of the middle class in the process of forming different status. In London, the merchant class is the backbone of the middle class in Beijing, there is no formation of the merchant class as the leading class. Fourth, the merchant mode of operation and living conditions are different. London has emerged the modern corporate system, the commercial capital into the production areas, bringing the industrial revolution; Beijing is still the traditional shop management, \Fifth, the concept of merchant wealth significantly different, the London merchant class in pursuit of business profits, Beijing's merchant class in pursuit of gold and silver currency. Sixth, to treat different concepts of science and technology. London merchant enthusiastic Technology and Beijing businessman conservative and closed.

Comparative Study of London and Beijing Merchant Class in 18th Century

Abstract

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