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The Evaluation of Heart Remodeling and Vascular Elasticity of Long Active Cigarette Somking

Author: TangXueMei
Tutor: GuPeng
School: North Sichuan Medical College
Course: Medical Imaging and Nuclear Medicine
Keywords: Ultrasonography Cigarette smoking Heart Vascular Function
CLC: R445.1
Type: Master's thesis
Year: 2011
Downloads: 18
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Abstract

Objective:Through Echo tracking(ET),we detected the common carotid artery of cigarette smoking patients, and known the artery elasticity. we wanted to know the effect of cigarette smoking to cardiovascular system through this topic, and let people know more about smoking. After that, we can call attention to smoking cessation, ameliorated artery endothelium function, delayed heart remodeling, reduced the cardiovascular diseases morbidity and mortality correlated with cigarette smoking. Through the use of echocardiography, we detected ventricular function and the size of chambers of heart about smoking people, and approached the alteration of morphology and function of the heart.Methods:Thirty cases of non smokers,thirty one cases simple active smoking people, applied ET to detect two common carotid arteries, measured the maximum systolic blood vessel diameter (Ds), diastolic minimum diameter (Dd), stifness paramet (β), elastic coefficient (Eρ), compliance (AC), swelling index (AI) and pulse wave velocity (PWVβ). Through echocardiogram,we detected ventricular systolic、diastolic function index and the size of chambers of heart about such as end diastole left ventricle diameter(LVDd)、end systolic left atrium diameter (LADs)、end diastole interventricular septum thickness(IVSd)、end diastole posterior left ventricle thickness(LVPWd)、early diastolic mitral flow velocity (E), late diastolic flow velocity (A), E / A, early diastolic mitral annular velocity of the (Em), late diastole (Am), Em / Am, E / Em, isovolumic relaxation time (IVRT), E deceleration time (EDT), pulmonary vein S peak / D peak (Vs / Vd), AR wave duration (ARD), left ventricular shortening (FS), left ventricular ejection fraction (EF), left ventricular muscle mass index (LVMI),and analysis the influence of age、heart rate、systolic blood pressure、diastolic blood pressure、pulse pressure、the year of smoking and smoking index on the above mentioned indicators.Results:(1) Simple active smoking age、heart rate、body mass index(BMI)、body surface area(BSA)、systolic pressure、diastolic pressure、pulse pressure、serum cholesterol(TC)、triglyceride(TG)、blood-fasting sugar between the two groups had no significant(P <0.05)(2) Simple active smoking groupβ、Eρwas higher than the normal group (P <0.05), simple active smoking Ds、Dd、Ds–Dd、AC、PWVβ、AI compared with the normal group had no statistical significance( P> 0.05);(3) Simple active smoking LVDd、LVMI、ARD was higher than the normal group (P <0.05). smoking group LADs、IVSd、LVPWd、E、A、Em、MV E/A、MV Em/Am、MV E/Em、TV E/A、IVRT、EDT、Vs/Vd、FS、EF between the two groups had no statistical significance (P <0.05)(4) Multiple regression showed that age and heart rate of two groups affected the MV E/A, along with the increasing of age and heart rate, MV E/A decreased. Along with the increasing of pulse pressure and smoking idex, Vs/Vd increased. Smoking years affected the LVMI, along with the increasing of former, the latter raise(P<0.05).(5) Simple active smoking E/Em was positive correlation withβ、Eρ、 PWVβ, and negative correlation with AC(P<0.05).Conclusions:Cigarette smoking impacted on the whole cardiovascular system. The long time expose of cigarette smoking induced endothelium dysfunction、decreased artery elasticity,and reduced the alteration of morphology and function of the heart, and then induced heart remodeling. Artery elasticity and heart function impacted each other, along with the decreased of artery elasticity, the function of the heart reduced.

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