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Research of Assessment and Strategy on the Nutritional Status of Urban and Rural Middle School Students in Chongqing

Author: JiaXiaoZuo
Tutor: ZhongChaoZuo
School: Chongqing Medical University
Course: Epidemiology and Biostatistics,
Keywords: Nutritional status High school students Chongqing
CLC: R151
Type: Master's thesis
Year: 2011
Downloads: 159
Quote: 0
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Abstract


Objective: To understand the nutritional status of the urban and rural secondary school students in Chongqing and dietary behavior characteristics, to identify the main problems of the high school students in nutrition, and analysis of the relevant factors that affect the nutritional status, to provide a scientific basis for the development of appropriate policies and measures. Methods: A stratified multi-stage cluster random sampling method, were randomly selected counties in the main city and the main city, extract the two counties were randomly selected from an urban middle school and a rural middle school, and then in the extraction of four schools in each grade extract two classes medical examination and nutrition knowledge, attitude and behavior survey, take a class for three consecutive days, the 24-hour dietary recall method investigating students' dietary intake using EpiDate3.02 double recorded troubleshooting and logical troubleshooting software to establish a database on the questionnaire, using statistical analysis SAS8.0 software; interviews with school principals and cafeteria managers personal in-depth interviews and focus group discussions interviews students, The use MAXqda software for qualitative data analysis. High school students dietary nutritional status evaluation: obtained through surveys the students daily food intake based on food composition tables to calculate daily energy and nutrient intake, with Chinese residents balanced diet pagoda in various types of food and reasonable photo into range and \High school students nutrition physical condition evaluation: the National Student Physical Health Standard [1] \The score sheet is to the students in the same school age, gender and height segments under the premise of the method of comparing different weight, their nutritional status evaluation, the evaluation results are divided into malnutrition, lower body weight, normal weight, overweight, obesity levels . Evaluation of high school students nutrition and health knowledge, attitudes and behavior questionnaire: the nutrition knowledge Fufen method to calculate the score, correct answers scored 1 point, got it wrong, did not answer or did not know were recorded as 0 points out of 10 points. Results: 1. Chongqing City high school students daily food intake of grains, beans, milk, eggs, meat, vegetables and fruits were 292.33g, 89.77g, 209.18g, 45.78g, 69.53g, 98.07 g, 106.01g; average daily energy intake of 1935.41 kcal, the boys daily energy intake kal 1967.52, girl kal 1908.43; average daily protein, fat, carbohydrates, vitamin A, vitamin C, calcium, iron and zinc intake were 78.47g, 58.00 g, 262.14 g, 395.69 g 65.32g, 629.71 g, 13.28 g, 8.54 g. 3 large capacity energy nutrients 55.64% from carbohydrates, 27.70% from fat, 16.66% from protein. 2465 high school students surveyed, malnutrition, lower body weight, normal weight, overweight and obesity, the detection rate of 4.46%, 44.87%, 37.08%, 5.23% and 8.44% respectively. Normal body weight, the detection rate in each age group are girls higher than boys the the rural normal weight detection rate in the city; detection rate of malnutrition and low body weight lt; 18 years old each age group were higher than boys girls, urban malnutrition and low body weight detection rate in rural areas; overweight and obesity rate in lt; 17-year-old age group are girls higher than boys. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the student's age, gender, whether you like sports, learning time, their body shape as well as his father and mother's education level factors that affect the nutritional status of students. Nutrition knowledge survey average score of 5.11 ± 1.89 points (total score of 10 points), male, the average girl nutrition knowledge scores were 4.94 ± 1.97,5.26 ± 1.80 (U = 16.74, P lt; 0.0001) . Only 9.97 percent of high school students can correctly answer barbecue hazards, 14.72% of the students know the hazards of carbonated drinks. High school students knowledge sources via television (81.68%); 55.64% high school students eat breakfast every day, students breakfast food category 2 and the following foods proportion of 80.24%; regularly drink carbonated beverages ratio of 13.87%; 5.60% high school students a week eating grilled food; often eat candy and instant noodles in the more than four times the proportion of 7.63% and 6.87%, respectively. Qualitative research results: students with school cafeteria food and nutrition is not reasonable enough, few types of food, especially green vegetables, hope the canteen be able to improve food quality and health. Principals and cafeteria managers have indicated that schools have not opened a formal nutrition and health education programs and the cafeteria staff knowledge of nutrition and catering training, technical guidance and support to get the higher authorities, and at regular intervals the canteen managers nutritional knowledge training students best able to provide daily nutritional meals and recipes. Conclusion: 1. Middle school students in Chongqing average daily meat and vegetables intake below the recommended intake of Chinese residents balanced diet pagoda structure of the middle school students in Chongqing dietary exist unreasonable, it should be increase the frequency of intake of meat, vegetables and legumes. Chongqing City high school students malnutrition detection rate and lower weight in 2004 [2] compared to the findings has been significantly increased, and nutrition overweight and obesity rate has declined, and distribution of nutritional status in terms of gender, age and urban and rural differences, a distinction should be made between the different groups of people, different situations and different intervention strategies for students the nutrition and health interventions, to ensure a reasonable dietary intake and adequate exercise. Nutrition knowledge of middle school students in Chongqing has also yet to be improved, especially harmful food hazards knowledge; breakfast poor quality in secondary school students, the high rate of bad eating habits. Measures should be taken to improve the level of students' knowledge of nutrition, prompting them to form good dietary practices to improve the nutritional status of Middle School Students. Schools and relevant departments should manage and supervise the students' knowledge of nutrition education and training of the canteen catering staff nutrition knowledge and dietary meals on a regular basis.

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CLC: > Medicine, health > Preventive Medicine,Health > Nutrition, hygiene,food hygiene > Nutrition
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