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Commutation is according to the criminal in prison contrition and meritorious service, shorten or reduce the criminal sentence in accordance with the law an important penalty execution system changes. Due to the seriousness of commutation system is able to execute the judgment sentence and combine the flexibility of punishment execution, can promote the reform of prisoners, make its better rehabilitation, return society, stable order, custody and, therefore, is widely used in the penalty execution. But legislation of the commutation system in China is not rigorous, not problem such as imperfect system, the implementation does not reach the designated position, influence the seriousness of the penalty execution changes and role play. This article embarks from the judicial practice, the theory of the criminal law, criminal law and judicial interpretation as the basis, combining commutation system in the new problems in the practice of new conditions, into four chapters expounds the commutation system concept, characteristics, conditions such as content, and the United States, France and Taiwan on commutation of related systems and the related practice, characteristics and so on has carried on the comparative study, is demonstrated in China's current commutation system, on the basis of existing problems and shortcomings, from the aspects of legislation and practice to improve the commutation system put forward their own point of view, in order to improve the system of commutation contribute meager strength.
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