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A Study on Tackling Scientific Research Corruption in the Catching-up Countries

Author: ZhuSuiYing
Tutor: LiuZuoTang
School: Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
Course: Philosophy of Science and Technology
Keywords: catching-up countries the case of Hwang Woo-suk research on scientific corruption management
CLC: G322.0
Type: Master's thesis
Year: 2011
Downloads: 85
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Abstract

Speciality:Philosophy of Science and TechnologyAuthor:Suiying ZhuTutor:Professor Jitang LiuIn recent years, the frequent occurrences of scientific research corruption have raised great concern from both home and abroad and its severity has been recognized by the academic community. South Korea, whose economy has been surging since the 1960s, has entered the ranks of moderately developed countries and its success is generally regarded as a "Myth of the Han River". At the turn of the 21st century came another myth from the Han River-Hwang Woo-suk, a South Korean scientist from Seoul National University, successfully cloned the first human embryonic stem cells. However, Hwang’s corruption in scientific research was also exposed even before the cheering crowd dispersed. The case, like a strong bomb, dealt a strong blow to the South Korean government, academia and the public, and even triggered a strong reaction in the international community. The whole society began to give new thoughts to the scientific research and scientists of the catching-up countries. As a neighboring country of South Korea, China is also affected by Hwang’s case and comments and reflections on this case can be found in different kinds of newspapers and journals, giving people much food for thought.At the beginning of the essay, the author gives the definition of catching-up countries and make an analysis of their science institutionalization process. The essay generalizes the basic characteristics of the process, which includes late development, weak public sense of science ethics, defective scientific system and regulations, disordered scientific structure, government controlling the institutionalization and the utilitarian tendencies. After defining scientific research corruption, the essay points out that the basic reason for academic corruption is the deficiencies in the science institutionalization of catching-up countries. The paper then goes on to make a comprehensive introduction into Hwang’s case, including Hwang’s background, process of his corruption, process of the media exposure, public reactions and handling of the government and legal authorities. Using Hwang’s case as an example, the paper makes an in-depth analysis into the causes, hazards and problems of scientific research corruption, pointing out that the mentality, the system and the profession ethics are all factors that may contribute to the academic corruption of catching-up countries. And this type of corruption will do great harm to the research atmosphere, the academic credibility and the effeciency of scientific research. When handling academic corruption, the catching-up countries also meet with some common problems, such as ineffective administration of the government, defective legal system, and poor mechanisms. At the end of the paper, the author proposes some possible solutions to the issue. With reflections on Hwang’s case and lessons learned from the european countries and the USA, the author put forward the principles to handle to corruption issues and ideals to strengthen the comprehensive social management mechanisms.Although Hwang’s case has aroused a broad discussion since 2006, few papers have offered an in-depth analysis into the issue. They only discussed the issue in itself rather than analyizing it against a wider background of academic corruption of catching-up countries. The innovation of this paper is that it explores the acacdemic corruption issues of catching-up countries and proposes some methods to solve the problem.China is a developing country and is also a catching-up country. A good academic atmosphere and scientific system is essential for the smooth development of China’s science. South Korea and China share similar cultural traditions and catching-up complex, so we should study and learn from Korea’s experience in handling Hwang’s case. Only when we reflect on the problems of academia and develop a reasonable, fair and effective governance program, can we create a satisfactory and orderly research atmosphere.

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