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Study on Preparation and Properties of Lignocellulose/ Bentonite Nanocomposites

Author: PangFangLiang
Tutor: WangXiMing；WangLi
School: Inner Mongolia Agricultural University
Course: Materials Processing Engineering
Keywords: Bentonite Lignocellulose Nanocomposite Adsorption Dye
CLC: TB383.1
Type: Master's thesis
Year: 2011
Downloads: 48
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Abstract


In this thesis,the Lignocellulose and bentonite were studied and its adsorption property of cationic dye Methylene blue and anion dye Congo red were disscused.The Lignocellulose/ bentonite nanocomposites and Carboxymethylcellulose/bentonite nanocomposites were prepared based on it.The structure of the samples were characterized by Infrared Spectroscope, Scanning Electron Microscope X-ray diffraction, Transimission Electron Microscope and Thermogravimetric Analysis.The major achievements of this study were summarized as follows:1. The factors(reaction time, initial dye concentration, pH of dye solution and reaction temperature) effect on adsorption of Methylene blue and Congo red onto lignocellulose and bentonite were analysised. The best adsoption conditions of methylene blue and congo red onto Lignocellulose and bentonite were got. The adsoption conditions of methylene blue onto Lignocellulose:equilibrium time is 300 min, equilibrium concentration is 180 mg/L,the adsorption of methylene blue is better when pH of dye solution in alkalescence. The adsoption conditions of congo red onto Lignocellulose:equilibrium time is 300 min, equilibrium concentration is 200 mg/L,the adsorption of congo red is better when pH of dye solution is 5. the adsorption was improved with temperature increasing.the adsorption capacity up to 32,34mg/g respectively.The adsoption conditions of methylene blue onto bentonite:equilibrium time is 150 min, equilibrium concentration is 1400 mg/L,the adsorption of methylene blue is better when pH of dye solution in alkalescence. the adsorption capacity keep stability after the temperature over 40℃. the adsorption capacity up to 300mg/g. The adsoption conditions of congo red onto bentonite:equilibrium time is 350 min, equilibrium concentration is 250 mg/L, the adsorption of congo red is better when pH = 5, the adsorption capacity up to 52mg/g at 50℃.2.In this study the orthogonal experiments of L9(34) was used, the main order of the effection condition including the weight ratio , concentrate of NaOH ,reaction time and reaction temperature in the experiment were confirmed. The result show that the nanocomposites have higher adsorption capacity with reaction temperature 50°C,reaction time 2 h,the weight ratio of Lignocellulose to bentonite was 1:1, The concentrate of NaOH 10%. the adsorption capacity of Methylene blue and Congo red were 178 and 51mg/g.the adsorption isotherm are fit for Langmuir and The adsorption of nanocomposites was monolayer. The result of FTIR,XRD,TEM,SEM,TGA indicated that lignocellulose is interspersed into the layers.thermal stability new intercalated-exfoliated nanocomposites was formed. The TGA experimentation show that the lose weight of nanocomposites is 31% at 331℃,compare to Lignocellulose 61% at 301℃, The thermogravimetric of nanocomposites improved obviously.3. Carboxymethylcellulose/bentonite nanocomposites were prepared by a solution intercalation technique.the organic degree of nanocomposite was better with pH 8,reaction temperature 60℃,reaction time 6h, the weight ratio of carboxymethylcellulose to bentonite was 2.67:5. the nanocomposite has a higher organic degree which was 18%,the increase of organic degree is better for the adsorption,the adsorption capacity of Methylene blue and Congo red on nanocomposite were 368 and 72mg/g.The result of structure analysis indicated that the Carboxymethylcellulose is interspersed into the layers.thermal stability new intercalated-exfoliated nanocomposites was formed.the Carboxymethylcellulose/bentonite nanocomposites have a good property of disperse and subside in dye solution,it is a good adsorbent for removing dyes.

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