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In this paper, different types of Songliao Corn Belt the number of soil animals on soil composition and population distribution, so that a more complete study of soil animals, the results show that different types of soil in the soil composition and population distribution of the number of animals vary widely. To explore the influence of different soil types and geographical distribution on soil animals, it has been studied the species and quantities of the soil animals which are collected from south to north soil in Jilin Province from May to October in 2010, analysing four soil properties. The results are as follows:(1) During the test capture total of 25 groups of soil animals, the number is 5507. Captured animals in the soil, dominant groups Acariformes, Parasiformes and Hymenoptera, Lumbricida are the head accounting for 26.3556%,23.1722%,17.8021%,11.9123% of the total catch.(2) Different soil types in the quantitative distribution of soil animals are:Black (1952)> Chernozem (1492)> Impact of soil (889)> Sandy (819)> Saline-alkali soil (355). Different soil types in the state of soil is composed of animal populations are:black (18 mesh)= Chernozem (18 mesh)> Impact soil (16 mesh)> Sandy soil (15 mesh)> Saline-alkali soil (8 mesh).(3) In farmland soil animal level distribution analysis shows that the soil animal number bysouthing north in turn reduces, type in turn decrease(4) Diversity of soil animals is an important indicator of habitat, soil animal abundance and diversity index was positively correlated, negatively correlated with dominance.(5) Physical and chemical properties of soil have different effects on soil animal. Soil moisture affect soil composition and abundance of animal species, a key indicator of water content in the range 20.5% to 21.5% of the range, the number of soil animal populations and amount of the maximum, for the 18 groups and 1925 of the number.The most favorable soil and growth of animal life. When the water content decreases, the slow downward trend in the number of soil animals, when the soil moisture increases, soil animal populations decline accelerated. Soil pH is an important basic properties of soil is one of the ripening process of soil formation and an indicator of the test results show that when the soil pH between 6.5 and 7, when the soil reaches the maximum number of animal species and, most suitable for this range of pH Soil animals live and breed. When the soil is acidic, the soil animal populations and declining, but the trend is not obvious, alkaline soil, the soil animal populations and the number decreased significantly. Analysis of soil total phosphorus content of animal species on soil composition and quantity of results showed that the total phosphorus content is higher, the number of species of soil animals in the soil the more the number of a corresponding increase in positive correlation.(6) Seasonal variation on soil animal populations and the number was significant. The test for the month of May to October test areas of soil animals in the collection. May to June sampling results, soil type and number of animals are extremely rare, large soil animals were collected 633.July to August sampling showed that July to August were found Objective of soil animals, the total number of 1653 individuals, of which soil macrofauna Hymenoptera, Lumbricida head up, really small soil animals and individuals to send a larger number of target animals, predatory spiders have distribution. To September, the soil animals were found 25 Order, the number of individuals to 1987. soil macrofauna the samples collected in August consistent, small soil animals, and send Acarina mites peak of the purpose of showing the number of individuals, as a predator Araneae doubled the number of animals. After one month of soil animals populations began to decline, the number of soil animals be reduced, and the autumn season, the temperature, precipitation and other changes consistent. In the classification and identification of soil animals Shihai found in September when the soil collected from individual animals than any other month of slightly larger size of individual animals, and in shape and show a variety of characteristics, which is in the soil environment in the period Related to the soil in this period of high temperature and humidity suitable for the soil nutrients are more developed. That, August to September growing period the most suitable soil animals, soil animals are also the most active period.(7) Tillage of the land are more conducive to the survival of soil animal, but little help increase crop yield, and small four-wheel rotary soil under cultivation the number of animals can be maintained at high levels, and higher crop yields, recommended to use the two farming systems for crop cultivation, not only can improve crop yields, but also to maintain ecological balance, soil animals to better survive in the soil.(8) In the rhizosphere soil of soil animal number significantly higher rhizosphere soil of soil flying number of animals, soil animal’s quantity distribution good show rhizosphere effect.
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