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Characterizing Carbon and Nitrogen Accumulation and Translocation in Wheat Cultivars from Different Eras

Author: YinMei
Tutor: DaiTingBo
School: Nanjing Agricultural College
Course: Crop Cultivation and Farming System
Keywords: Wheat Different years Yield Organ The carbonitride substances Accumulation and Translocation Senescence
CLC: S512.1
Type: Master's thesis
Year: 2008
Downloads: 127
Quote: 2
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Abstract


Improved varieties is an important way to increase crop yield, grain yield has been greatly improved with the replacement of varieties. The the afforestation carbon and nitrogen substances accumulated with the ability to operate with wheat grain yield is closely related to clear wheat varieties of carbon and nitrogen accumulation of material and the ability to operate in different age evolution help to reveal the mechanism of wheat production increased for the breeding of fine varieties of wheat and high-yielding, high-quality Efficient production has an important significance. In this study, Wangshuibai 1950s, 1960s Jiangdong Gate, Wan 7107 and 1990s Yumai 18 in the 1970s, the Yumai 34, Yangmai158 Ningmai 13 material, the use of wheat varieties of pot experiment was conducted in different years differences in yield, dry matter and nitrogen accumulation operation characteristics and aging characteristics, the main findings are as follows: 1, clear wheat varieties yield differences in different years and dry matter, nitrogen accumulation and characteristics. The results show that: the wheat grain yield showed a gradually increasing trend with the passage of years, the increase in the weight is the main reason for the increase in production. 1990s wheat varieties after flowering dry matter accumulation (PAA), after flowering, nitrogen assimilation (PNA) and its the production contribution rate (CPA and CPN) was significantly higher than early varieties of wheat, to spend the storage material on grain yield the contribution rate of the contribution rate (CTA) and spend the storage of nitrogen on grain nitrogen accumulation (CTN) is significantly reduced. Correlation analysis showed that wheat grain yield and TAA, PAA, PNA, CPA and CPN were highly significant positive correlation was a significant negative correlation with CTA and CTN, Dry Matter and Nitrogen Accumulation and wheat grain yield improvement and after flowering The ability to closely related. 2, clear of wheat improvement process vegetative organs Matter Accumulation and Translocation of evolution and its impact on yield. The results showed that wheat flower stem biomass accumulation, Storage, Assimilates amount on grain yield contribution rate is higher than the blade. With the wheat varieties bred over years, basal storages on the contribution to yield increases, the upper organ has a higher accumulation, reducing the contribution rate on grain yield. Improve wheat after material production based on material and its ability to operate to strengthen the upper organs may become an important way to further improve wheat production. 3, clearly the wheat improvement process vegetative organs Nitrogen Accumulation and Translocation of evolution. The results show that the early flowering varieties of nitrogen accumulation amount of the proportion of the total nitrogen accumulation was significantly higher than the varieties 90s, 90s nitrogen accumulation in wheat after flowering ability. The leaf nitrogen running ability and contribution rate is higher than the stem. 1990s wheat varieties after flowering, leaf and stem nitrogen storage operation rate improved to reduce the contribution rate of leaf nitrogen storage. Different leaf organs between the lower leaves and section nitrogen storage operation and the operation rate of increase, and contrary to the upper organs. In the process of improvement of wheat, grain nitrogen accumulation dependent operation for leaf nitrogen weakened. Organs after flowering assimilative capacity, improving the ability to operate upper leaf nitrogen accumulation of wheat grain nitrogen is important. 4, proved the difference of the wheat varieties in different years after flowering, flag leaf photosynthesis and aging characteristics. The results show that, in Wheat Improvement process, the flag leaf SPAD value, soluble protein content of flag leaf, late filling stage, flag leaf GS and GPT activity is improved the the photosynthetic rate and F_v / f_m, φPS II, protease activity, and late grain filling stage after flowering to maintain a high level. Reactive oxygen species scavenging capacity of the early varieties of post-grouting down fast, serious damage to the cell membrane, photosynthetic apparatus damage resulting in a sharp decline in the latter part of photosynthetic rate, accelerate the aging process and shorten the duration of the flag leaf, is not conducive to nitrogen and of dry matter accumulation and running.

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