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With the rapid development of highway, rapid railway and the passenger line in China , construction of the tunnel has ushered in a new period of great development, Accordingly, Higher requirements and challenges of tunnel construction technology and related theories has been put forward. Monitoring of the deformation of the surrounding rock is crucial to the guidance on construction the and the right time of support .However,currently, the degree of attention to analysis and application of measurement data needs to be improved , especially to construction company .so, research in this area is of special significance.(1) Based on Jing gou lin tunnel in Han she paragraph of qing lan highway inHe bei province, This article mainly collect and analysis the data of vault sinking of the tunnel and the convergence of displacement, According to the calculations to explore the changing low of vault sinking level and the convergence of displacement, providing a scientific basis for guidance on the construction and design changes.(2) The article makes two-dimensional finite element simulation to the tunnel structure. By simulating the tunnel excavation, Arrived at the space effect law of tunnel’s steel Arch stress and displacement, By comparative analysis to the calculating value and the measured data , Arrive at its time effect law and put forward the influence of the structural stress, By compared calculation of various finite element model, Arrive at the influence to stress and displacement of the Arch by bolts.(3) According to refering a large number information aboat tunnel construction and design, carried out a detailed expatiate aboat the factors that affect the stability of the surrounding rock, tunnel construction monitoring technology, data processing and reasonable application. Making tunnel staff have overall awareness to the importance of monitoring, also having a comprehensive understanding to monitoring knowledge.
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