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As the linear landscape-culture heritage, the ancient path transmit the important connotation of Chinese thousands years’material and spiritual culture. It spreads the meanings of Chinese culture’s development, records the heavy footsteps of history, and contains full of outstanding values in historical and cultural, landscape and ecological aspects, and should be prized. However, because of the reasons that the protection system of ancient path landscape is not still perfect in China right now, and people also have an insufficient awareness of its value and so on, the valuable ancient path landscape resource is facing the crisis that would be damaged seriously. Therefore, protection and restoration project of ancient path landscape resource is imperative, imminent and of great significance. From the perspective of landscape design, this research made a detailed analysis to structure, characteristics and connotations of the ancient path system and its landscape; thus found the depth comprehensive value of its landscape, constructed the evaluation system initially, gave a clear focus of protection and restoration protect. Then based on the investigation of ancient path examples’status in Fujian province, elaborated the damage situation and reasons, made the targeted protection and restoration measures; At last, expanded the application of protection and restoration’s substances, proposed main points of simulated ancient path design for the purpose of making reference for protection and restoration of ancient path landscape. Main findings as follows:(1) Tracing the origin, this study explored the historical development of ancient path in China, based on the ancient paths’specific situation of Fujian province, summarized the development process of ancient path system, and divided its process into four period: the budding and start period, the building and developed period, the mature and stable period, the extinction and transition period. Based on the study of constitution of ancient path system, and analysis the ancient path’s characteristics and connotations, we can divided the ancient path into many categories from four mainly classification perspectives. The first style was classified according to the surface materials, it can be broadly divided into: stone, wood, soil ,such these three kinds; the second style was classified according to the function, such as religious pilgrimage, business traffic, military transportation, information delivery, political domination, as well as the daily life of the traffic; the third style was classified according to the combination of topography, such as the over-climbing type, through-type, spiral type, the water-flowing type and the crossing type; the fourth style was classified according to the location and width, this part mainly described the special division methods in the light of the path scale and level, in ancient times. In addition, this study also analyzed the significance of ancient path on the landscape, social and historical, ecological and cultural areas.(2)On the basis of extensive examples’investigation of ancient path landscape in Fujian, set the connotation of ancient path landscape as the clue, the thesis made a deeply analyzing of the characteristics and composition on the ancient path’s Ontological landscape, ancillary facilities landscape, and the elements of environmental landscape. Among them, the analysis of ontological landscape was generally described from the road surface, slope and linear; the analysis of ancillary facilities landscape was progressively expanded from these five types of elements, such as the“Gate”,“Bridge”,“Pavilion”,“Pothouse”,“Pass”; the analysis of environmental landscape was divided into the natural landscape and human landscape two parts. In addition, this research discussed the main features of ancient path landscape’s space, from five perspectives: the basic form of space, measure and proportion, space sequence, color elements, light elements. (3)During the analysis of ancient path landscape’s features in Fujian Province, this general study mininged its two major characteristic: Potential "human nature" design and the useful construction measures, meanwhile cited examples, and made some detail explanations.(4) Based on the basis information study and followed the systematic, scientific and dynamic development principles, this research built up an ancient path landscape’s comprehensive value evaluation system initially. Through the analytic hierarchy process to determine every evaluation index weight of ancient path landscape’s comprehensive value, combined with the specific methods of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation, established a more perfect and appropriate evaluation model ultimately. And set the“three thousand and eight hundred steps”ancient path of Napping Mang Dang Mountain in Fujian as the example, applicated this evaluation model to evaluate its comprehensive landscape value, and drew the corresponding conclusions of the evaluation level. From the above, we can enhance practically and feasibility of the evaluation model, and simultaneously provide a basis guidance for the following the protection of the restoration work.(5) Under the guidance of basis theories, that contains the road landscape design, aesthetics of Chinese classical gardens, ancient landscape engineering, landscape ecology, environmental science, as well as the capacity of the landscape heritage categories, such these multi-disciplinary and multi-direction theoretic, proposed the basic design principles of ancient path landscape’s protection and restoration work. Such as the protection design should focus on both the macro scale and micro-scale protection, and carry on the protection of natural environment and humanistic environment, simultaneously; then ,the restoration design should seek qualities of the ancient path landscape, manifest its meaning, build up an health system, which has quality ecological environment , with both the ornamentality and application contained in it. Then based on the detail investigation of ancient path examples’status in Fujian province, classified the damage situation, made the targeted protection and restoration measures for specific situation.(6) In order to extend the protection and restoration measures of ancient path landscape, we should pay attention to the construction of simulated ancient path. This research explored and analyzed the design features of simulated ancient path, specified the focus on“form”imitation,“artistic conception”imitation, as well as on the“culture”restoration, provided the corresponding points for attention.
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