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Accident Reconstruction and Research on Protection of Pedestrian Head in Vehicle-pedestrian Collisions

Author: LiuKaiYang
Tutor: YangJiKuang
School: Hunan University
Course: Vehicle Engineering
Keywords: Pedestrian Head injury Accident investigation Reconstruction Design of experiment
CLC: U491.6
Type: Master's thesis
Year: 2009
Downloads: 184
Quote: 3
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Abstract


Pedestrians are the most vulnerable road users in road vehicle traffic accident, which forms main part of traffic accident in China.The head-brain injuries in vehicle-pedestrian collisions account for 30% of all reported injuries on different body regions, which often resulted in a fatal consequence.The Pedestrians safety has become a significant social problem and commonality safety issue with worldwide concern.So extensive researches on pedestrian protection has been carried out by vehicle safety experts and researchers both home land and abroad.The objective of the present work was to study the real world car to pedestrian accidents.The accidents were reconstructed by using mathematical models.Simulation results were compared with observed injury severity from hospital for realizing the correlation of these parameters.Analysis of the influence and importance of front structures of passenger car on pedestrian head injury was carried out to find counter-measures for pedestrian protection.Through the in-depth accident on spot and retrospective investigations, we got a mass of accident cases with detailed information, including data of pedestrian injuries, accident vehicles, as well information about road conditions and environment.Six pedestrian cases were selected for reconstruction using mathematical models in this study.The mathematic pedestrian model was developed by Charmels University of Technology using multi-body code MADYMO.Trough the accident reconstructon we could understand the pedestrian head kinimatics response,and physical parameters related to pedestrian head injuries such as HIC value,head angular velocity and acceleration and relative impact velocity and so on.By adopting the orthogonal experiment design method, the influence and importance of front structures of passenger car on pedestrian head injury was analysed to improve safety performance of the car front.It has been further discussed for the protection measures of pedestrian head.Results from this study indicate that HIC value, maximal head angular velocity and acceleration could be used to predict head-brain injuries.Skid marks and throw distance of pedestrian could be used to estimate impact speed.The risk of head injury could be reduced through improvement of the front structure of a passenger car.This study provides an effective approach and simulation method for research on injury biomechanics and development of protection measures for pedestrian head. The finding from simulation study can be used as a reference to vehicle safety design.

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CLC: > Transportation > Road transport > Technical management of traffic engineering and road transport > Traffic engineering and traffic management > Car traffic safety and protective equipment
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