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Study on the Morphology and Phylogeography of Two Vespertilionid Bats in Hainan

Author: YuWenHua
Tutor: ChenZhong；WuYi
School: Hainan Normal University,
Course: Ecology
Keywords: Bat Small yellow bat Winged Bat Commonwealth Hainan Island Morphological classification Geographic kinship
CLC: Q958
Type: Master's thesis
Year: 2009
Downloads: 142
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Abstract

Hainan Island is the second largest island in China, the island's unique wildlife resource rich, pregnant with the Chiroptera animal resources, one of the highest Chiroptera species density. With the in-depth development of research, there have been the emergence of new species of bat record, the island has recorded 33 kinds of bats endemic subspecies of seven kinds, reflecting the Hainan Island has a unique zoogeographical status. Island into chemists often think that the study of biological evolution the successional species formed natural laboratory species on the island due to the isolation effect less vulnerable to foreign gene drift prone species differentiation, lead to a new species or The emergence of a new subspecies, island biological the phylogeographic study subjects. Hainan Island Chiroptera endemic subspecies still remain in the literature, concluding that the traditional morphological classification level, there are systematic classification study is not clear enough, the taxonomic status of species is not accurate enough, so the the Hainan distribution and its surrounding areas distributed wing the hand class on numerical taxonomy and molecular morphological geographic kinship studies will help clarify the existing problems in the Hainan Island in the bat classification to determine the geographical phylogenetic and evolutionary relationships of the populations of the bat and surrounding areas in Hainan Island, Hainan Island Chiroptera The class differentiation effect size, as well as determine the type of populations colonized mode suitable for flying fauna life. Us on the distribution of the surrounding area is more common in Hainan Chiroptera bats from Two bats - Xiao Huang the bat (Scotophilus kuhlii) and the winged Bat Commonwealth (Miniopterus schreibersii complex) Population morphology and geographical study of genetic science . The the small yellow bat external morphology of the skulls of numerical classification results show that: the distribution in Guangdong, south China Seed (Scotophilus kuhlii swinhoei) and distributed in Hainan Hainan Ya species (S. kuhlii consobrinus) presented in the principal component score chart inlaid results to each other 19 skulls of indicators on the external morphology of 12 independent samples t-test of the two subspecies, both All indicators were not statistically different, the morphological structure between the two has not been on the Qiongzhou Strait of isolation and differentiation. The sequencing analysis showed that the mitochondrial control region sequences of two small populations of some individuals: Hainan large populations with Guangdong populations shared multiple single haplotype as haplotype Hap02 (Hainan 6 and Guangdong 7) , the haplotype Hap08 (one in Hainan and Guangdong 3), haplotype Hap09 (Hainan a Guangdong 1). Another level molecular variation (AMOVA) results show that a very small difference between Guangdong and Hainan populations (accounting for only 1.58% of the total variance), the main concentration of genetic variation within populations (of 86.16% of the total variation), Fst genetic distance and Nm gene streams results show small differences on the eight small genetic distance between populations, larger gene flow between populations. Addition, there is a lighter variant lineages haplotype, the fewer the number of haplotypes with very low nucleotide diversity indices imply that the two populations is very possible population bottleneck effect occurs more strongly in the near future and originated in the same large populations. The two small yellow bats are late fall migration to breeding to wintering habits, so the two may migrate to the same or similar breeding ground share the same gene pool, and reproductive and genetic exchange is likely to exist, so morphology and molecular Xiao Huang species of bats Hainan Ya, the presence of Qiongzhou Strait of small yellow bat does not have the obvious effect of isolation. The winged Bat Commonwealth (Miniopterus schreibersii complex) external morphology of the skulls of the main component analysis showed that: Hunan, Sichuan and Yunnan population patterns more similar together, Guangdong, Hong Kong and Hainan, the other as a group, formed two groups: morphological the small southern taxa and morphological northwest groups, and between the two types of cluster morphology indicators were statistical differences in discriminant analysis can accurately distinguish two major groups, but not good discriminant groups regional populations. Network haplotype lineages Figure, phylogenetic Figure are: 7 small populations divided equally into support for a high degree of divergence two great lineages (Clade), which lineage 1 (Clade 1) Guangdong, Hainan Haikou populations of individuals, as well as part of the Hong Kong individuals, while clade 2 (Clade 2) including Hunan, Yunnan, Hainan Wuzhishan and Diaoluoshan populations, individuals, and the remaining individuals of the population, suggesting that they may be the source in different lineages. The relationship between haplotype lineages within not show obvious geographical pattern, suggesting that the two lineages within populations there may be frequent gene exchange or from a large population, and then spread to different habitats . Hainan, there are three small populations into two lineages, the results of the lower branch of the internal populations Fst distance, Mantel test rejected the result of geographic distance and genetic distance, the Qiongzhou Strait does not exist in this type of obvious isolation effect. Morphological data with molecular data inconsistencies may be due to: (1) control region of the gene and morphological variation has no correlation; molecular markers (2) Select the strict maternal inheritance, the results reflect only a single female parent history evolution of the situation; (3) differences lead to the living environment of rapid mutation and adaptation of the morphology; (4) the hybridization between the different branches of external variations in form.

Study on the Morphology and Phylogeography of Two Vespertilionid Bats in Hainan

Abstract

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