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Horizon and Fault Detection Research in 3D Seismic Base on Image Processing

Author: WangShaLi
Tutor: ShenHaiHong
School: Chinese Geology University (Beijing)
Course: Information and Communication Engineering
Keywords: Horizon Fault Directional filtering Watershed Corner detection
CLC: TP391.41
Type: Master's thesis
Year: 2010
Downloads: 165
Quote: 0
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Abstract


In seismic exploration, seismic data interpretation is a very important part of the horizon and fault is one of the most central part of seismic data interpretation. The traditional three-dimensional seismic interpretation are based on manual interpretation, adjacent seismic traces on the seismic section the digitized formed layer bit line, and then by interpolation layer planes, horizons not only the results of this technique to identify non-repeated verification and requires a lot of manpower and time. In this paper, around the three-dimensional seismic horizons and faults identification and automatic extraction-based image processing method to carry out the three-dimensional seismic horizons and faults automatic interpretation of the algorithm, and on this basis a prototype system design. First, the method based seismic trace encountered in the search for adjacent seismic trace breakage or weak signal areas prone to errors or search error layers, a strong horizon seismic images directional seismic image enhancement filtering based on watershed algorithm and direction, to remove noise while the layer bit more continuous phase axis signal. During the tracking, according to the characteristics of the layers of image enhancement results and direction seed proliferation search, combined with the matching method based on the amplitude of the seismic traces to adjust the search results, track results in seismic trace peak position. The experimental analysis shows that the algorithm can be adapted to the automatic identification of better signal layer. Then, for large fault fault interpretation method can only deal with linear characteristics, combined with the manual interpretation of the idea of ??two-dimensional seismic profiles, a human interaction and automatic identification combined three-dimensional seismic fault interpretation programs. The joint analysis of two-dimensional layer bit line constraints and corner detection to extract the location of the breakpoint, through structural direction filtering technology and seismic trace similar treatment to enhance the image of the fault, the use of image recognition method to extract fault lines. The final triangulation to achieve the three-dimensional reconstruction of the fault plane, shows the fault plane. By test and analysis, the breakpoint detection accuracy of the proposed method is about 20%, can help explain the overall analysis of the geological structure, and provide a reference for looking for a breakpoint. Finally, in this paper the horizon and fault automatic interpretation algorithm based on the development of the automatic interpretation of a PC-based prototype system, to achieve a three-dimensional seismic horizons and faults identification process and results show.

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CLC: > Industrial Technology > Automation technology,computer technology > Computing technology,computer technology > Computer applications > Information processing (information processing) > Pattern Recognition and devices > Image recognition device
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