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Polylactic acid, polycarbonate (some petroleum, non-petroleum based) and other biodegradable polymer materials can be discarded after a short time in the natural environment degraded into water and carbon dioxide, to solve the polyethylene (PE) and other traditional polymer materials discarded not easily degradable (degradation time of 100 to 200 years) white pollution caused by a series of environmental problems, so by the people's attention. However, numerous studies pointing only biodegradable materials preparation and performance improvements, the materials throughout the life cycle environmental load conditions, and the environmental impact compared to traditional plastics without regard reflects strengths and advantages of such problems are uncommon reported. In response to this situation, this paper first use of life cycle assessment (LCA) method, for some petroleum-based polycarbonate - poly (propylene carbonate) (PPC), polylactic acid (PLA) and non-petroleum-based polycarbonate (NPC) three kinds biodegradable material for a full life cycle study, three materials obtained full life cycle environmental load. Three kinds of biodegradable materials during the life cycle environmental impact of the main types are warming and acidification effects, respectively, accounted for both environmental impact PPC, PLA and NPC 86.26% of the total environmental load, 79.14%, 81.81%. For the three materials at all stages of the life cycle environmental impact of in-depth analysis, the results show that the three materials are the main stages of the environmental load material production stage; and the identification of each material production stage process and its main environmental load The main environmental load corresponding types: one, PPC processes the primary environmental impact propylene oxide production process, this step is the main greenhouse environmental load type; two, PLA major environmental load process is lactic acid production process, the main types of environmental load the greenhouse effect; three, NPC's main environmental load processes are furfural and furan methyl ether production process, two processes are the main types of greenhouse environmental load. On this basis, the thesis of the PLA, PPC, NPC and the PE of the five types of environmental load corresponding to conduct a comparative analysis of the environmental load. The results show that, PLA of damage to human health and the environmental load corresponding acidification effects are greatest, PE photochemical effects and non-renewable resource consumption corresponding maximum environmental load, PPC greenhouse environmental load corresponding to the maximum, and the NPC's various environmental loads are minimal. In terms of total environmental load, PLA maximum environmental load, compared with PE large 29.48%, PPC second, but bigger than the PE 13.79%, NPC minimal environmental impact, only the PE is 34.18%. Finally, the environmental impact study for the larger PLA and PPC process on the analysis carried out, made a number of recommendations for improvement, and the environmental impact of the two materials were discussed potential for improvement in order to improve the environmental performance of the two materials to help .
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