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The Ecological Value of River Ecosystem Services and Agricultural Water-Saving in the Shiyang River Basin

Author: ZhangDaPeng
Tutor: SuXiaoLing
School: Northwest University of Science and Technology
Course: Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering
Keywords: Shiyang River Basin contingent valuation method(CVM) willingness to pay(WTP) river ecosystem services the ecological value of agricultural water-saving
CLC: X826
Type: Master's thesis
Year: 2010
Downloads: 309
Quote: 3
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Abstract

Along with the enhancement of humanity disturbance and influence to river ecosystem, it causes ecosystem function degeneration phenomenon, such as river course closure、water environment pollution and so on. To evaluation the value of river ecosystem service become the key of international research on the ecological economics. It contributes to an overall understanding of the value of water resources, to use the water resources reasonably and scientifically. The Shiyang River is one of the three inland rivers in the Hexi Corridor. It belongs to the typical watershortage area. Water resources are the key factor for constraining ecological systems and socio-economic development. The evalution of river ecosystem services and ecological benefits of water saving can provide the basis for ecological compensation mechanism of agricultural water development and sustainable utilization of water resources. The assessment of river ecosystem service function value and water saving ecological value will provide the basis to the ecology compensation mechanism formulation of agricultural water saving and the sustainable use of basin water resources.In this paper, based on the analysis of water resources and environment problem in the Shiyang river basin, the value of river ecosystem service in basin, the ecological value of the comprehensive management and restoration in the basin by agricultural water saving measures were evaluated. Main contents and the results are as follows:(1)Valuation of ecosystem services research in domestic and foreign were analyzed and summarized, and proposed the research method of river ecosystem services and ecological benefits of agricultural water saving.(2) Based on the article about classification of ecosystem services, the river ecosystem services were classified. It includes direct value, such as water supply for daily use, hydro-power generation, navigation, aquatic product, tourism and flood control, and indirect value, such as water storage: river sedimentation transport, water purification, air quality maintenance soil conservation, biodiversity maintenance, and described current the main evaluation methods of ecosystem services,including Market value method, opportunity cost, shadow price method, shadow project method, cost analysis, human capital approach, asset value method, the travel cost method (TCM), contingent valuation method (CVM), etc.(3) The value of product supply for daily were estimated and evaluated in terms of water supply for daily use, hydro-power generation, aquatic product, and tourism. The supporting services and their ecological economic values were assessed and evaluated in terms of flood control, water storage, river sedimentation transport, soil conservation, and biodiversity maintenance. Based on the past studies about the ecosystem on water ecosystems, this paper divides the Shiyang River ecosystem services by the charateristics of compostion and structure, ecological processes and effectiveness river ecosystems. As a result, the total monetary value of the calculated services of the studied reaches of the Shiyang River was 49.49×108yuan per year in 2006. The direct use value of 36.61×108 Yuan per year, and the indirect use value of 12.88×108 Yuan per year, the direct use value is 2.8 times than the indirect use value. The values of various services were ordered as water supply>water storage>flood control>tourism>biodiversity maintenance >hydro-power generation>aquatic product>soil conservation>river sedimentation transport.(4) Based on the description of management measures and results in the Shiyang River basin, the questionnaire about the Shiyang River basin management and ecological restoration of the value of willingness to pay was designed. The questionnaire consists of three parts. The first part introduces the basic situation of the the Shiyang River basin and the need for treatment. The second part illustrates the ecological restoration measures, objectives and results of the Shiyang River basin. The third part is the core of questionnaire, the payment card method was selected to survey the resident’s willingness to pay (WTP) for restoring the ecosystem service value in the Shiyang River basin. The method of CVM was used to evaluate the value. The comprehensive analysis results indicated that there are 92.23% residents to have the payment wish, if the ecological environment in the Shiyang River basin would restore to the anticipated target in 2020. The annual household WTP of the residents having payment wish was 127 Yuan. The annual ecosystem service value was at least above 0.719×108Yuan in the Shiyang River basin. In the future 20 years, if the ecological benefit amortizes did not be considered, the total value at least would be 14.38×108 Yuan. Through SPSS software analysis, the average WTP and respondents social variables multiple regression relationship was established. Draw the conclusion that the relationship between the average WTP of respondents and the two social variables include age and whether they support or compared is remarkable. The relationship between education and the WTP is proportional, while there is no significant linear relationship between income and WTP.(5) Based on the relationship between willingness to pay and per capita income obtained by the survey conclusion of CVM under the conditions of an open questionnaire, combined the future per capita income of prediction, willingness to pay (WTP) per household in 2020 is predicted as 630 yuan. The ecological value for restoration Shiyang River ecosystem was calculated of 0.359 billion yuan through measures of agricultural water management. Based on the calculation of water status and net water in 2020, the net agricultural water-saving amount is 506 million m3 in 2020, Further calculations, the ecological value of unit agricultural water saving is 0.71 yuan/m3 in the Shiyang River basin in 2020. The results can provide the basis to formulate ecological compensation system for the basin water saving.(6)The solution and the measures to restore and improve river basin ecosystem services including to establish the combination of unified management of river basin and regional management were proposed. Base on the management system of the basin management and regional management supplement, to achieve the reasonable allocation and integrated management of water resources. Optimizating agricultural planting structure, controlling the scale of agricultural irrigation, reducing the amount of agricultural water use, to squeeze water out and so on The government should consider to play the core functions, but also to ensure the support of the role of other functions can be achieved in river management. The Shiyang River ecosystem provides large direct values, therefore, we should pay attention to protection and rational utilization about development and management of river. .

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