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Naked seed is a tetraploid wheat cultivars Polish wheat (Triticum polonicumL., 2n = 4x = 28 = AABB), with a big spike, grain weight, good quality and good agronomic traits, especially protein content as high as 18% or more, Yield Selection of new varieties of high-quality wheat genetic resources. Observation of chromosome number 13 hybrids of × Poland wheat, 110 lines, and study the chromosome number variation of some traits; sodium dodecyl sulfate - polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE 13 hybrids of × Poland wheat, 110 lines) technology polymeric glutenin subunits (High Molecular Weight Gluentin Subunits, HWM a GS) were detected; determination of a 41 the Polish Wheat × 13 hybrids strains protein content, sedimentation value and gluten content. Explore the possibility of the Polish wheat used in the ordinary wheat breeding, and provide a theoretical basis for the rational use of these genetic resources, improvement of common wheat and material basis. The results show that follows 1. Discovered 13 hybrids 110 lines, × Poland wheat, chromosome 7 lines chromosomal aberrations, including three strains of chromosome 42 or less than 42, four strains chromosome less than 42, accounting for 6.36%, the rest of the normal, and studies have shown that chromosome variation of wheat tiller number, have a significant impact on first-flowering dates. Parent Poland wheat containing 79 HMW glutenin subunits, 13 containing 7 9,2 12 high molecular weight glutenin subunits. Polish wheat × 13 hybrids strains, 106 strains containing 79 subunits, the pass rate of 96.36%; 109 lines with 212 subunits, its transfer rate of 99.09%. 104 lines containing both 7 9,2 12 subunits, its transfer rate of 94.54%. Hybrids strains glutenin produced a total of three new subunits are 7,7 and 1415 subunits, the frequencies were 1.82%, 1.82% and 0.91%, respectively; produce four new subunit combinations, 7,2 12,7 8,2 12,7 9,7 9,14 15 and 212, respectively, and its frequency of 1.82%, 1.82%, 0.91% and 0.91%, respectively. Subunits variation occurred mainly in BC1F7 lines, it is clear that, with increasing number of backcross hybrids and common wheat parents in 13 new subunits and subunit combinations reduce the probability. Hybrids strains average protein content, sedimentation value, dry gluten content and wet gluten content was significantly higher than ordinary wheat parents 13. Average protein content and quality control variety hybrids strains Xiaoyan No. 6 did not differ, and 5 lines higher than that of the control, but the strains of hybrids average settlement value and the average wet gluten content did not meet quality control Variety Xiaoyan No. 6 level. Low settlement value of the Polish wheat with ordinary wheat hybrid offspring tend performance surplus pro-genetic offspring strains, the average protein content and dry gluten, wet gluten content, BC1 selfing and BC2 progeny strains did not significantly differences. Backcross generation and backcrossed two generations have little effect on the protein content, gluten content. BC1 selfing the offspring strains than BC2 selfing offspring strains of variation richer.
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