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Purpose pure mesenchymal stem cells (bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, BMSCs) treatment of femoral head necrosis effect is not ideal, this study investigated the combination of simvastatin treatment of steroid-induced osteonecrosis BMSCs feasibility. Methods 24 rabbits marrow isolated and cultured BMSCs, take the first two cells prepared as 1 × 10 ~ 7/mL cell suspension, and gelatin sponge. Take 70 New Zealand white rabbits via ear vein injection 10μg/kg lipopolysaccharide, 24h after gluteal injection of 20mg/kg of methylprednisolone sodium succinate, a total of three times at intervals of 24h, prepared femoral head necrosis model. Select the successful preparation of 48, were randomly divided into four groups of 12. Group A: no treatment; B Group: simple decompression and decompression channel implanted in gelatin sponge; C Group: Composite BMSCs decompression simultaneously implanted gelatin sponge; D Group: decompression simultaneously implanted composite of BMSCs gelatin sponge, fed simvastatin (10 mg / kg.d). After observing animals generally, and in each group after 4 and 8 weeks 6 underwent MRI scans, and then I killed femoral heads histological and immunohistochemical staining and scanning electron microscopy. Results After 8 weeks C, D group animal activity increased gradually improved walking posture. After four weeks of each group showed no MRI signal changes necrotic areas, eight weeks in group A low signal area of ??necrosis significantly expanded, B group did not change, C group narrowed, D group was significantly reduced. Histopathological observation, after 4 weeks of group A lot of empty lacunae visible, no angiogenesis; B group of empty lacunae more, a small amount of angiogenesis; C, D group of empty lacunae decreased necrosis There are a large number of active proliferation of osteoblasts and a wealth of new capillaries. Group D positive number of empty lacunae and microvessel density was 19.30 ± 1.52 and 7.08 ± 1.09, compared with the other group, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). After eight weeks, A group visible part of the trabecular bone fracture; B group have reduced pore fibrous callus formation; C group of empty lacunae rare, but not the canal morphology rules; D group, a large number of new bone formation, medullary cavity more regular, intramedullary fat cell size and distribution. Group D positive number of empty lacunae and microvessel density was 11.31 ± 1.28 and 12.37 ± 1.32, and the other group, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05), and after four weeks the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Scanning electron microscopy: After eight weeks, A group of trabecular see multiple fracture collapse, no trabecular bone surface osteoblasts, the medullary cavity a large accumulation of fat cells; B group cracks visible part of trabecular bone; C group not dense trabecular bone; D group dense trabecular regular structure, more osteoblasts, osteocytes and matrix collagen fibers normal marrow rules. Conclusion Simvastatin can promote BMSCs into osteoblasts and vascularization, simvastatin treatment of steroid-induced osteonecrosis BMCSs has good application prospects.
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