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Research on the Control System of Triple-Axis Cnc Machine Tools with Multi-servo Systems

Author: ZhouYong
Tutor: SunTieCheng
School: Harbin Institute of Technology
Course: Electrical Engineering
Keywords: CNC triple-axis servo system stateflow
CLC: TG659
Type: Master's thesis
Year: 2010
Downloads: 280
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Abstract

The machine tools are used to manufacture all machineries, the level of machine tools industry reflects one country’s process of industrialization. However, the use of CNC(computer numerical control) machine tools brought a great revolution to the industry, it has greatly promoted the progress of modernization. As the connecting link of control system and machineries, servo system is an important part of CNC machine tools, its performance determines the accuracy of CNC machine tools, and most of the breakdowns of CNC machine tools occurred in the servo system. So it is important to improve the performance and the reliability of the servo system. The research object of this paper is triple-axis CNC machine tools with multi-servo systems.Most of the CNC machine control systems adopt special-purpose chip or Motion Control Card, this method is difficult to achieve, and it would cost long time and too much money. To solve these problems, this paper presents a new method which uses the common computer to achieve the goal of control the servo system for CNC machine tools. This method reduces the cost and shortens the development cycle, so this research has high practical value.In this paper, the CNC machine tools has three types of servo systems: stepping servo system, DC servo system and AC servo system. This paper analyzes the three motors’principle, establishes mathematical model, and completes simulation under the environment of Matlab/Simulink. Moreover, this paper also introduces the motor parameters, designes manual control panel to control motor operation, and observes the motor’s state.Based on theoretical analysis, this paper utilizes powerful data processing function of matlab to compile computer-controlled program. Through the pulse signals from optical-electrical encoder, this paper utilizes RTW to transform these signals into variables, then stateflow uses these variables to analyze the motor’s operating state and gives commands, and then RTW transforms these commands into signals which could be identified by data acquisition card. The data acquisition card sends these signals to servo motor drive, then it achieves the goal to control each servo motor.It requires coordinate operations among the various axis to make CNC machine tools work. In order to realize the linkage among the various axis, interpolation algorithm is essential for designing the program. In this paper, the traditional linear interpolation and circular interpolation of point by point comparison has been improved, as a result , the CNC machine tools could run much more precisely. This paper utilizes computer control technology to make the CNC machine tools to draw, the works by using these functions show that the method this paper presents is simple and accurate. The common computer-controlled method could fully satisfy the requirements which is expected, it provides a new idea to the numerical control technology.

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