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Controllable Preparation of Metal and Metal Oxide Nano Materials by Multi-phase System

Author: ShaoBing
Tutor: NiLiang
School: Jiangsu University
Course: Inorganic Chemistry
Keywords: multi-phase system CuO ZnO micro-reactor copper
CLC: TB383.1
Type: Master's thesis
Year: 2009
Downloads: 17
Quote: 0
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Abstract


Nanomaterials is regarded as a new area between atoms,molecules and bulk materials,and they have not yet been fully recognized by people. Nanomaterials have unique physical properties different their bulk materials,such as surface effect,small size effect and quantum effects,so nanomaterials have widely potential applications in optics,electronics, magnetics,catalyst,sensing,biomedicine,etc.The application of nanomaterials has a siginificant impact on people’s lives,industry production and economy.Nowadays a great variety of methods have been used to obtain nanomaterials,and it has been proved that Liquid-Phase Synthesis is the most commonly used way. Because of its mild reaction conditions,simple equipments,Liquid-Phase methods have bring more and more attentions,and a great number of its research results have been reported.This paper bring forward a new method for inorganic nanomaterials synthesis.It is a new attempt which combine micro-emulsion technology, boiling reflux technology with interphase growth theory,therefore the nanomaterials with controllable morphology and scale could be achieved. Owing to the reaction system with multi-phase,there is not any surfactant exist in the system.For example,if we adopt a two-phase system by oil and water,oil could be separated from the system,and there is no pollution for environment.Therefore,the method is a promising green synthesis of nanomaterials technology,regardless of theoretical basis for the development of nanoscience or high-tech development.In this paper,we mainly discussed the influence ingredients of the multi-phase synthesis system,and the reaction mechanism was also considered.The detailed content is as below:The first part of this dissertation is about the synthesis of CuO nanowires by nonhomogeneous phase reflux technology.We adopt a two-phase reaction system by aether and water,synthesize copper oxalate nanowires by cupric acetate and dimethyl oxalate.In the end,we could received copper oxide nanowires after calcination.In the process,we study the effects of different concentration and oil-water ratio to the products morphology.The second part of this dissertation is about the synthesis of embroidered ball-like ZnO.We adopt a two-phase reaction system by aether and water,synthesize the Embroidered ball-like Zinc oxalate by zinc acetate and dimethyl oxalate.In the end,we could received zinc oxide after calcination,and its morphology have not changed.In the process,we study the effects of different concentration and oil-water ratio to the products morphology.The third part of this dissertation is about the synthesis of copper nanopartcles.We employed an eggshell to composed three-phase reaction system.In the process,we investigate this kind of reaction between Cu2+ and S2- under mild conditions.After a week,a large amount of Cu precipitating at the pores on the inner and outer surfaces of the eggshell,a large amount of metal copper[Cu（0）]was found to be aggregated on the outer surface of the eggshell.Such unexpected phenomenon strongly indicated that Cu2+ should be transformed into metal copper upon the co-existence of S2- due to the diffusion of ions via the porous eggshell.

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