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Relationship between Root and Leaf Photosynthetic Physiological Characteristics of Rice

Author: QiaoJiangFang
Tutor: ZhaoQuanZhi
School: Henan Agricultural University
Course: Crop Cultivation and Farming System
Keywords: Rice PEG-6000 Short-term stress Photosynthetic fluorescence characteristics Osmoregulation Respiratory metabolism Hormonal regulation Signal Transduction Antioxidant protection Synchronization
CLC: S511
Type: Master's thesis
Year: 2008
Downloads: 259
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Abstract

For revealing the link between photosynthetic physiological characteristics of rice roots and leaves, the production on a large area of ??rice varieties indica Liangyoupeijiu, the japonica of Yujing VI and the upland varieties of upland rice 738 for the test material, in hydroponic conditions short-term (30 min and 150 min) water stress and roots adjustment measures, the response from the rice photosynthetic characteristics, gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence induction kinetics parameters, the activities of key enzymes of the photosynthetic apparatus, the chloroplast thylakoid membrane protein, roots and leaves penetration adjustment substances in roots activities of key enzymes of respiratory metabolism, hormone content (ABA, CTK, IAA, GA3) changes in the roots and leaves, H2O2 content changes, changes in the activity of antioxidant enzymes, to study the short-term water stress conditions in rice photosynthetic fluorescence characteristics response mechanisms; roots and leaves to osmolytes regulation effect; photosynthetic characteristics of root respiratory metabolism; hormone content changes in the roots and leaves of photosynthetic regulation and interaction effects; ABA chemistry between the roots and leaves signaling and transduction. Test results are as follows: 1.30 min short time under water stress, photosynthetic characteristics of smaller changes, net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, carboxylation efficiency basically starting 15 min after a downward trend, stomatal conductance decline started earlier in 5 -10 min began to decline, minor changes in water use efficiency or basically unchanged, stomatal limitation value remains steady upward trend; fluorescence induction kinetics parameters within a short time change is obvious, Fo more sensitive to drought stress, different genotypes varieties have increased. 150 min treatment Photosynthetic fluorescence characteristics of indicators declined more significantly steeper decline, net photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate showed a three-stage trend decreased greatly ,30-90 min 30 min gentle downward trend, 90 min after the decline, the decline in stomatal conductance the steepest time in 30-60 min; intercellular CO2 concentration trend decline in the basic performance of 0-90 min, 90 min after the start increased; efficiency of water use in the 30 -60 min showed a rise in the process of change and stress; stomatal limitation value at 120 min later showed a declining trend. 2 short-term water stress, leaf water potential changes significantly, especially under severe stress conditions in 30%; roots and leaves have been seriously affected cell membrane permeability, membrane selection membrane permeability changes; short-term water stress osmolytes changes in the roots and leaves of the process, the results show that the proline, soluble sugar content in a short period of time changes are generally rise after 20 min; compare roots and leaves osmolytes change found root proline change the absolute amount and the increase is greater than the blade, the absolute amount of soluble sugar content in the leaves change and the increase is greater than the root. 3 different roots approach (full root, half, cut half of the root) of drought stress, photosynthetic characteristics affect the results showed that the net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, intercellular CO ₂ concentration, carboxylation efficiency, water use efficiency in a short period of time have a downward trend, the stomatal limitation showed an increasing trend, especially in the more obvious changes after 20 min, half root treatment can reduce the rate of change of photosynthetic characteristics. If half of the root, cut off after 20 min of treatment apparent photosynthetic characteristics soon change, especially the most sensitive to changes in stomatal conductance, these indicators showed unchanged or start an upturn. The test leaf water potential of different roots approach also cut inhibition of half-root treatment can reduce the leaf water potential to reduce the magnitude, and can even make the leaf water potential are on the rise. The roots and leaves in a short period of time have a downward trend, CTR, IAA, GA3, and ABA is showing a clear upward trend. Similarly, half root stress reduced the magnitude of this change, cut by 20 min half-root treatments found that can significantly change the hormonal changes in the content of leaves. By trial design Quangen, half root, 20 min cut half root processing different root, you can calculate the stress changes in the ABA for 30 min after the leaves and Zr, 30 min root the ABA Zr to the leaves conveying ABA and the average rate of Zr were 7.5 ng / g. FW.min-1, 0.034 ng / g. FW.min-1. The roots and leaves ZR / ABA, IAA / ABA, GA3 / ABA (ZR GA3) / ABA ratio in the dry process showed a downward trend. The magnitude of the ratio change of the whole root, cut half-root treatments to reduce the magnitude of this change. Under the conditions of the whole root (ZR GA3) / ABA ratio variations, which slows the growth of rice plants flag is a protective physiological mechanisms of rice to water stress. 5 inhibitor treatment root respiration metabolism of photosynthetic characteristics, results showed that the inhibitor treatment of respiratory metabolism under normal conditions, the photosynthetic characteristics occur in a short period of time a certain degree of change, especially HgCl2 processing after the impact of the photosynthetic characteristics and photosynthetic rate decreased by 35.8% within 30 min; sharpest decline in photosynthetic indicators stomatal conductance of HgCl2 treatment within 30 min decreased by 75.1%; photosynthetic characteristics after DNP treatment there are different degrees of decline; Na ₃ PO ₄ processing, in addition to intercellular CO ₂ clear downward trend, other indicators are changing obvious. Short-term drought stress conditions under on root respiration different metabolic pathways critical activity was also significantly affect the results show that different moisture gradient can be significantly reduced roots ATP synthase, cytochrome oxidase, succinate dehydrogenase activity; there are significant differences between the treatment and the reduction of enzyme activity generally appears after 10 min of stress. 6. Different rice genotypes stress RuBP carboxylase activity decreased in varying degrees, for 90 min and then decreased obvious. There are significant differences between the different genotypes Liangyoupeijiu in the early stage of higher RuBP carboxylase activity to deal with late decline. By SDS polypropylene amide vertical electrophoresis methods, analysis of stress treatment leaves chloroplasts class capsule mentioning membrane protein differences in expression, the results show that the stress treatment 150 min Liangyoupei nine, 738 varieties before and after treatment exist differences in protein bands, different varieties also exist differences in protein bands; the Yujing VI differences did not appear before and after treatment. 7. Join the ABA synthesis inhibitor can significantly change the half-root stress in photosynthetic characteristics, stomatal conductance change; ABA content in the roots and leaves after inhibitor treatment has decreased to some extent, leaves the performance is more obvious; ABA synthesis inhibitors also affect the roots and leaves H ₂ O ₂ content changes, especially the leaves change; half-root method through the use of cut, calculation method, the use of ABA transport rate roots H ₂ O ₂ of the rate of transport to the leaves 0.051μmol.g-1.FW.min-1, the result roots to the transport leaves H O ₂, or very little, leaves itself generated H2O2 the leaves H ₂ O < sub> 2 the content main reason for the change.

Relationship between Root and Leaf Photosynthetic Physiological Characteristics of Rice

Abstract

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