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Studies on the Compling Effects of Irrigation and Nitrogen Fertilization on Summer Corn in Zhengzhou Region

Author: MengZhanYing
Tutor: LinTongBao
School: Henan Agricultural University
Course: Crop Cultivation and Farming System
Keywords: Summer Corn(zea mays L.) Water-Fertilizer Coupling Yield and Quality Physiology Ecology
CLC: S513
Type: Master's thesis
Year: 2008
Downloads: 100
Quote: 0
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Abstract


This experiment was carried out in 2006-2007 year continuously two seasons at the Henan Agricultural University Science and Technology Education Garden Area Corn Region Innovation Center experiment field and under a automatic rain shelter, take the summer corn as the material, with the field experiment and automatic rain shelter experiment, to the different water-fertilizer condition, analysis the summer corn growth, the physiological ecology as well as the yield and quality influence, studied the mutually effect of summer corn water-nitrogen fertilization coupling, obtained the following preliminary conclusion:（1） Supplement irrigation and fertilized is advantageous with the topdressing to the soil moisture in soil layer migration, the fertilized value is 180 kg? hm-2 and supplement irrigation treatment and the high moisture content treatment moisture content migration change is most obviously. The water-fertilizer mainly is affected to the soil moisture influence in 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm,80-100 cm and 100-120 cm slightly, the alkaline nitrogen has a difference in the summer corn life stage, simultaneously, different soil layer the alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen content different too. alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen absorption mainly in seedling stage, but the soil the alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen has the increase after jointing stage, the soil in the alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen absorbing capacity reduction at the summer corn last stage period, also the summer corn absorption alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen soil layer mainly in 0-40 cm, the entire nitrogen content mainly difference in the summer corn root system 20-40㎝ and 40-60㎝ place, under the harvesting time, The all treatment of supplement irrigation treatment entire nitrogen content must be smaller than the natural precipitation condition under various levels soil entire nitrogen content.（2） Fertilized and irrigates treatment has the vital role to enhances the summer corn plant biomass accumulation and the increase summer corn grain grouting speed. along with the fertilized increase, summer corn adult plant biomass are increase, simultaneously, supplement treatment biomass accumulate is bigger than natural precipitation treatment, when the fertilized value achieves 240 kg·hm-2, because the fertilizer in soil cannot completely effective absorption by the adult plant, therefore the fertilized vale bigger than 240 kg·hm-2 does not favor the crops growth and the grain grouting instead. （3） fertilized and supplement irrigates enhances the spike position leaf NR activeness, reduces the GS activeness, reduced peroxide product MDA, meanwhile reduced hy-peroxide enzyme SOD, increased the spike position leaf soluble protein content, supplement irrigation treatment is higher than the natural precipitation treatment, high moisture content treatment must be higher than the low-water content treatment, simultaneously, the fertilized value achieves 240 kg·hm-2 makes up fills processing and the high moisture content processes to the summer spike position leaf nitrogen metabolism index enhancement and the anti-senile index reduces instead fertilized value is 180 kg·hm-2 of high moisture content processing.（4） Supplement irrigation and fertilized are advantageous to the water potential diurnal variation improvement, are advantageous to depressing the soil evaporates, the water and fertilizer are the photosynthesis affects essential factor, the fertilized and supplement irrigates can enhance the summer corn leaf photosynthesis rate, increase summer corn leaf area index, enhances the summer corn single leaf water use efficiency. also, the fertilized has certain influence to the summer corn Fv/Fo value, as the fertilized value increases, the Fv/Fo value increases too, but when the fertilized achieves 240 kg·hm-2 does not favor to the summer corn dark photosynthesis.（5） The fertilized value is 180 kg·hm-2 and supplement irrigation treatment I1N2 yield is highest, higher to 19.7% compared to the lowest treatment, the quality aspect, the fertilized and supplement irrigation mainly has certain influence to summer corn’s thick starch, the thick protein and the thick fat content, but did not obviously affect to the lysine content. Too much supplement irrigates and fertilized gets up certain negative effect to the output and the quality. The fertilized boundary value are 180 kg·hm-2, and the supplement irrigates boundary value is 555 m3·hm-2.（6） There are different water use efficiency at different treatment, the more irrigates value, the soil moisture content, the lower water use efficiency; the lower irrigates value, the soil moisture content, the higher water use efficiency. Although increases irrigates and enhances the soil moisture content to be possible to enhance the corn yield, the water use efficiency to be low, under the natural precipitation condition or carries on the arid coercion suitably, crops’ yield has slightly reduces, but crops’ water use efficiency largely rises actually, under the experimental processing level, the less irrigates value, the higher crops water use efficiency. The jointing stage fertilizer different also has certain influence to water use efficiency. The fertilizer value is 120 kg·km-2 processing water use efficiency is lowest, the fertilizer value is 180 kg·km-2 processing water use efficiency is highest, the fertilizer value is 240 kg·km-2 processing water use efficiency comes between them.（7） Fertilized value is 180 kg·hm-2 also the supplement irrigation quantity is 555 m3·hm-2 is the most appropriate water-fertilizer combination proportion to the Huang-Huai-Hai plain summer corn grows. Simultaneously, The soil moisture content is 75%, the fertilized value is 180 kg·hm-2 is the most suitable combination regarding enhances the summer corn physiology condition, enhances the crops yield and improve the summer corn quality.

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