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Error Theory and Data Processing

Author: LiuYuan
Tutor: DingJianHua
School: Dalian University of Technology
Course: Optical Engineering
Keywords: Error theory Uncertainty Linear regression
CLC: O4-34
Type: Master's thesis
Year: 2009
Downloads: 1176
Quote: 8
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Abstract


Physics is an experimental science. By observing physical phenomena, quantitative measurement, and the measurement results were analyzed, in order to achieve the understanding of the physical laws and confirmed. During the experimental measurements, errors are inevitable. Therefore, must resort to error theory, research, estimation and evaluation measurement data and measurement results are accurate and reliable, and should be taken to correct the data processing methods, in order to get closer to the true value of the data under certain conditions. I have engaged in a physical experiment teaching for many years, the paper work is a combination of physical experiments about the error theory in physics experiments, and general data processing methods. Depth of physical experimental data processing fuzzy points (linear fitting uncertainty calculation) to make up for the lack of physical experimental teaching materials. And common tool software, data processing and physical experimental data processing, to simplify the process of data processing and master the use of software tools. Avoided in the the physical experimental error processing discriminant gross error, the discovery of which are poor, given a series of discrimination method using statistical theory. The purpose of this paper is to allow students or teachers interested in physics experiments, after reading this paper, the error theory of physics experiments and data processing, a clear understanding of data processing in doubt can enlightened. The thesis is divided into measurement error, measurement uncertainty assessment, data processing of the experimental results and physical experimental data processing application examples of several parts. Gross error causes and discriminant analysis of measurement error, system error sources and found a brief. The difference and connection between error and uncertainty of measurement uncertainty assessment, in order to have a better understanding of error and uncertainty. Infrequently used in the data processing of the experimental results, the increase olgarithm frequently used method of least squares fitting a straight line, the uncertainty calculated depth analysis of the multiple linear regression of the data processing method. Physical experimental data processing application examples, the method of least squares linear fitting uncertainty calculation and the experimental determination of the liquid specific rotation combined concentration forecast uncertainty calculation. In physics experiments, sometimes in order to facilitate the calculation of complex functions simplify, then calculated the function is not strict, and the thermocouple technology experiments, for example, the two data processing were compared, it can be seen that a data processing method used in the thesis more scientific accuracy is also improved, more desirable than the frequently used methods. Thesis, not only for the error theory and data processing difficulty of expansion, and combined with the actual, avoiding the phenomenon of lip.

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CLC: > Mathematical sciences and chemical > Physics > Research Methods in Physics > Physical measurements
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