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Clinical Anatomy Study of Olfactory Nerve and Its Accompanying Vein

Author: LiuKunPeng
Tutor: HanHui；ZhangMing
School: Anhui Medical University,
Course: Human Anatomy and Embryology
Keywords: Olfactory nerve Sieve vein Microscopic anatomy Digital subtraction angiography Nasally administered
CLC: R323.1
Type: Master's thesis
Year: 2008
Downloads: 48
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Abstract


Objective To observe the olfactory nerve and its accompanying veins morphological characteristics on the microscopic anatomy, histology and video images, the perfect olfactory nerve morphological data to explore the significance of the sieve vein in intracranial and extracranial infection, before the top of the nasal cavity, cranial nest surgery to protect patients' olfactory function for information on clinical anatomy, morphological evidence for by nasal administration pathway treatment of central nervous system diseases. Methods ① selected adult cadaveric heads in 30 cases (60 sides) after perfusion gelatin pigment microsurgical anatomy of the olfactory nerve was observed to take shape and distribution of the anterior cranial fossa and facial veins running and distribution Another five cases (10 sides) adult cadaveric heads perfusion ink and contrast agent, remove the olfactory mucosa after microscopic anatomy, X-ray scanning; (2) the selected adult skull dry specimens of 30 cases (60 sides) microscopic anatomy observation; (3) randomly selected three cases (6 sides) the perfusion gelatin pigment wet specimens were taken from each specimen on turbinate and nasal septum mucosa two organizations, a total of 12, HE staining and VG staining, observed the olfactory nerve and its accompanying veins histological features; (4) collected 51 cases (97 sides) proved no facial vein abnormalities and cerebrovascular digital subtraction angiography (DSA) series of images of the vein, observation of the anterior cranial fossa and facial veins walk the line and distribution. 1, olfactory nerve morphology: ① microscopic anatomy found olfactory (olfactory wire) formed by the dura mater the olfactory ensheathing wrapped olfactory intrathecal there is a potential lacuna. Olfactory nerve is located in the olfactory mucosa, horseshoe-shaped distribution, sub-the turbinate side and nasal septum side. The turbinate side olfactory nerve distribution on turbinate and the middle turbinate the ethmoid bone surface of the vertical portion of the mucous membrane of the nasal septum side olfactory nerve is distributed in the the ethmoid bone surface of the mucous membranes of the nasal septum, nasal turbinate and the nasal septum mucosa surface no olfactory nerve distribution. The turbinate side of the olfactory nerve (10.33 ± 1.81), olfactory nerve roots (0.90 ± 0.22) mm in diameter. Side of the nasal septum olfactory nerve (6.28 ± 1.04) of the olfactory nerve roots (1.17 ± 0.24) mm in diameter. Olfactory mucosa and nasal septum length of the side of the olfactory nerve (5.91 ± 1.95) mm, medical reference range (95%) up to 9.73 mm; the olfactory mucosal turbinate side of olfactory nerve length (10.22 ± 2.20) mm, the the Medical reference range (95% ) up to 14.53 mm. The dry specimens observed that distribution of each side of the sieve showed two columns, respectively, corresponding to the side and the side of the nasal septum and turbinates of the olfactory nerve. On each side of the sieve number of (16.33 ± 2.79), the sieve maximum diameter (1.09 ± 0.52) mm. 2 HE staining and VG staining visible olfactory mucosal surface of the olfactory epithelium pseudostratified columnar epithelium, lamina propria of connective tissue, the olfactory nerve endometrial, the beam and adventitia visible, the epineurium visible by a layer of dense connective tissue the olfactory ensheathing structure surrounded. (3) X-chip visible olfactory sheath through the contrast agent. 2, sieve vein morphology: (1) microscopic anatomy, sieve vein Traveling in the olfactory intrathecal, accompanied with the olfactory nerve through the sieve to the intracranial drainage, intracranial olfactory vein, frontal cortex vein or dural venous phase traffic. ② HE staining in the olfactory intrathecal sieve vein wall is thin. VG staining no the sieve intravenous film containing smooth muscle cells. The ③ DSA found that 68.6% of adults in the presence sieve vein facial vein and intracranial venous direct traffic, the sieve vein into the skull and frontal cortical vein or the amount of vein anastomosis. Conclusion (1) depth and systematic observation olfactory nerve and its accompanying vein anatomy and imaging data; (2) familiar with the morphological characteristics of the olfactory nerve, helps neurosurgery choice of surgical approach and surgical procedures to better protect olfactory nerve, to avoid the occurrence of postoperative complications; ③ the olfactory mucosa and nasal septum side from the sieve under 10 mm the turbinate side away from the sieve 15 mm away there is little olfactory nerve, the safer surgical operation in this range; (4) people's facial vein and the intracranial venous by sieve vein exists a direct way, this approach may be intracranial and extracranial infection more direct path; ⑤ of olfactory ensheathing structure and sieve vein existence of the central nervous system for the treatment of nasal administration disease provides a possible morphological basis.

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CLC: > Medicine, health > Basic Medical > Human morphology > Human Anatomy > Regional anatomy > Head and neck
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